ATI RN
Quizlet Genitourinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Imipenem has the broadest spectrum of activity currently available to beta-lactams. This include antimicrobial activity against the following organisms EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Imipenem, a carbapenem antibiotic, has broad-spectrum activity against Gram-positive, Gram-negative, anaerobic, and some atypical bacteria. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is an atypical bacteria lacking a cell wall, making it resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics like imipenem. Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are all susceptible to imipenem due to their cell wall composition.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following drug used in the treatment of filariasis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diethylcarbamazine is the correct answer for treating filariasis because it targets the microfilariae, adult worms, and larvae of filarial parasites. It is specifically designed to kill these parasites and is considered the drug of choice for filariasis treatment. Albendazole, Levamisole, and Piperazine are not effective against filarial parasites and are used for different types of infections or conditions. Albendazole is mainly used for treating intestinal worms, Levamisole is used for parasitic infections in animals, and Piperazine is used for treating pinworm infections. Thus, only Diethylcarbamazine directly targets and eliminates filarial parasites, making it the correct choice for filariasis treatment.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following drug that acts by inhibiting HIV protease enzyme?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Ritonavir is a protease inhibitor used in HIV treatment. 2. It works by inhibiting the HIV protease enzyme, preventing viral replication. 3. Lamivudine, Efavirenz, and Stavudine are not protease inhibitors but work through different mechanisms. 4. Lamivudine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, Efavirenz is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, and Stavudine is another nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Summary: Ritonavir is the correct answer as it directly targets the HIV protease enzyme, unlike the other options which act on reverse transcriptase enzymes.
Question 4 of 5
Which macrolide antibiotic that can be given once a day for 3 days for empirical treatment of ENT, respiratory and genital infections?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Azithromycin. It is preferred for short-term treatment due to its long half-life allowing once-daily dosing. Azithromycin has a broad spectrum of activity against many pathogens causing ENT, respiratory, and genital infections. It is well-tolerated and has fewer drug interactions. Other choices like A: Erythromycin have a higher frequency of dosing and more side effects. C: Clarithromycin and D: Roxithromycin are not typically given once daily for 3 days.
Question 5 of 5
A 20 year old male patient is diagnosed with Chaga’s disease, American trypanosomiasis. Which drug would be the most appropriate for this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Nifurtimox. Nifurtimox is the first-line treatment for Chagas disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi. It is effective in treating both acute and chronic phases of the disease by reducing parasitemia. Metronidazole (B) is used for anaerobic bacterial infections, not trypanosomiasis. Suramin (C) is used for African trypanosomiasis, not American trypanosomiasis. Chloroquine (D) is used for malaria, not trypanosomiasis. Therefore, A is the most appropriate choice for this patient.