ildren as young as years of age are aware of gender stereotypes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of Family Centered Care Theory in nursing, it is crucial to understand child development, including when children become aware of gender stereotypes. The correct answer is C) 3 years old. At this age, children start to grasp basic concepts of gender identity and may exhibit behaviors influenced by societal norms and expectations related to gender roles. Option A) 6 years old is incorrect because by this age, children have already internalized many gender stereotypes from their environment, but the awareness typically begins earlier. Option B) 4 years old is also incorrect as children at this age are usually more advanced in their understanding of gender compared to 3-year-olds. Option D) 5 years old is incorrect as well because, on average, children have already formed some awareness of gender stereotypes by the age of 3. Understanding when children become aware of gender stereotypes is essential for healthcare providers working with families. It helps in providing culturally competent care that respects each child's individuality and avoids reinforcing harmful stereotypes. By knowing this developmental milestone, nurses can better support children and families in promoting healthy gender identity development.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the context of Family Centered Care Theory in nursing, it is essential to understand the importance of early detection and intervention in health issues. In the case of hearing loss, the correct answer is D) Both A and C. Option A, "Sounds seem muffled," indicates a common symptom of hearing loss. Individuals experiencing muffled sounds may have a blockage in the ear or other issues affecting their hearing. This symptom warrants a visit to a doctor for further evaluation. Option C, "Difficulty understanding words especially against background noises," highlights another key symptom of hearing loss. Struggling to hear clearly in noisy environments is a sign of potential hearing impairment that needs professional assessment and management. Options B is incorrect as "One in four" does not provide any relevant information about when to see a doctor for hearing loss. This distractor does not align with the symptoms associated with hearing loss. Educationally, this question reinforces the importance of recognizing common signs of hearing loss and seeking timely medical attention. Understanding these symptoms is crucial for nurses in providing holistic care to individuals and families. By identifying hearing issues early, nurses can support interventions that promote improved communication, quality of life, and overall health outcomes for patients.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of Family Centered Care Theory in nursing, understanding the theorist who believes in observational learning is crucial for providing effective and holistic care to patients and their families. The correct answer is C) Albert Bandura. Bandura's social learning theory emphasizes the importance of observational learning, where individuals learn by observing others' behaviors and the consequences of those behaviors. Jean Piaget (Option A) is known for his cognitive development theory, which focuses on stages of intellectual growth in children rather than observational learning in families. B.F. Skinner (Option B) is associated with behaviorism and operant conditioning, where learning is based on reinforcement and punishment rather than observation. John Dewey (Option D) is known for his work in progressive education and experiential learning, not specifically observational learning. Educationally, understanding Bandura's theory of observational learning can help nurses and healthcare providers recognize the influence of family dynamics, role modeling, and social interactions on patients' health behaviors and decision-making processes. By applying Bandura's principles, nurses can effectively support and empower families to make positive health choices and improve overall outcomes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of Family Centered Care Theory in nursing, understanding the stages of child development is crucial for providing holistic care. The ability to reverse mental processes, known as conservation, typically develops during the Concrete Operational stage, which is option C. During the Concrete Operational stage, which occurs around ages 7 to 11, children gain the ability to think logically about concrete events and understand conservation concepts. This means they can understand that changing the appearance of something does not change its fundamental properties. This cognitive milestone is essential for problem-solving and critical thinking skills. Option A, Sensorimotor, corresponds to the stage from birth to around 2 years old, where children learn through sensory experiences and develop object permanence. Option B, Preoperational, spans from around 2 to 7 years old and is characterized by egocentrism and lack of conservation understanding. Option D, Formal Operational, which typically begins around age 11, involves abstract thinking and hypothetical reasoning. Understanding these stages helps nurses tailor their communication and care strategies to meet the developmental needs of pediatric patients and their families. By recognizing where a child is in their cognitive development, nurses can provide appropriate support, education, and interventions to promote optimal health outcomes.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the context of Family Centered Care Theory in nursing, understanding child development stages is crucial for providing effective care. The correct answer is D) Formal operational stage. This stage, according to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, typically occurs during adolescence and is characterized by the ability to think abstractly, reason logically, and solve complex problems systematically. The other options are: A) Sensorimotor stage: This stage occurs from birth to about 2 years old and is characterized by the child's exploration of the world through their senses and actions. It does not involve the systematic use of logic. B) Preoperational stage: This stage occurs roughly from ages 2 to 7 and is characterized by egocentric thinking, animism, and lack of logical reasoning skills, so it does not align with the ability to use logic systematically. C) Concrete operational stage: This stage typically occurs from ages 7 to 11 and involves the development of basic logical reasoning skills related to concrete objects and events, but it does not reach the level of systematic, abstract logic seen in the formal operational stage. Understanding these stages is essential for nurses working with children and families, as it helps in tailoring care and communication strategies to the child's developmental level. By recognizing that formal operational thinking develops during adolescence, nurses can better anticipate and support the cognitive and emotional needs of pediatric patients and their families.