ATI RN
Pharmacology Final ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
If you are treating a patient that has renal failure, what type of pain medications should you avoid?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When treating a patient with renal failure, it is important to avoid NSAIDs (Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs) as pain medications. NSAIDs can worsen renal function and may cause further damage to the kidneys. They can also lead to complications such as fluid retention, elevated blood pressure, and electrolyte imbalances in patients with renal failure. Instead, other types of pain medications such as opioids and nonopioids (e.g., acetaminophen) may be considered for pain management in patients with renal failure. Short-acting analgesics should also be utilized cautiously in this population, considering the potential clearance and metabolism issues due to decreased renal function.
Question 2 of 5
When administering the medication Spironolactone, when is the best time to administer it?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The best time to administer Spironolactone is in the morning. This is because Spironolactone is a diuretic that can increase urination, and taking it in the morning can help prevent disrupting the sleep cycle by decreasing the need to urinate during the night. Additionally, taking Spironolactone in the morning allows for better management of any potential electrolyte imbalances that may occur as a side effect of the medication, as healthcare providers are more readily available during daytime hours.
Question 3 of 5
Epinephrine can compromise the stability of formed blood clot because it is a:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Epinephrine can compromise the stability of a formed blood clot because it is a fibrinolytic agent. Fibrinolysis is the process of breaking down fibrin, the main protein component of blood clots, and promoting the dissolution of the clot. Epinephrine is a hormone that acts on adrenergic receptors, including beta-2 adrenergic receptors, which can trigger the activation of fibrinolysis pathways. By promoting fibrinolysis, epinephrine can weaken and compromise the stability of a formed blood clot, leading to potential clot breakdown and increased risk of bleeding. This mechanism is important to consider when using epinephrine in situations where clot stability is crucial, such as in patients with bleeding disorders or undergoing surgery.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following is not a phenylpropionic derivatives:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Mefenamic acid is not a phenylpropionic derivative. It is classified as a fenamate, structurally related to fenamic acid. The other options (A. ibuprofen, B. fenoprofen, C. naproxen) are all examples of phenylpropionic derivatives, commonly referred to as propionic acids. These drugs have similar chemical structures and mechanisms of action, making them a distinct group within the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) class.
Question 5 of 5
A patient is taking a cephalosporin. The nurse anticipates which appropriate nursing intervention(s) for this medication? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cephalosporins are antibiotics that can cause nephrotoxicity, particularly in patients with pre-existing renal impairment. Monitoring renal function is essential to detect any decline in kidney function early. Liver function studies are also important because cephalosporins can occasionally cause hepatotoxicity. Intravenous cephalosporins should be infused over 30 minutes to ensure proper absorption and minimize adverse effects. Mouth ulcers are not a common side effect of cephalosporins, but monitoring for superinfections, such as oral thrush, is important. Advising the patient to stop the medication when they feel better is incorrect, as it can lead to antibiotic resistance.