If there is an accidental injury to the parathyroid gland during a thyroidectomy which of the following might Leda develop postoperatively?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the scenario of accidental injury to the parathyroid gland during a thyroidectomy, Leda might develop tetany postoperatively. This is because the parathyroid glands play a crucial role in maintaining calcium balance in the body, and any damage to these glands can lead to a decrease in parathyroid hormone levels, resulting in hypocalcemia. Tetany is a condition characterized by muscle cramps, spasms, and twitching due to low calcium levels, and it is a common complication following parathyroid gland injury. Option A, cardiac arrest, is incorrect as direct injury to the parathyroid gland would not directly lead to cardiac arrest. Option B, dyspnea, is also incorrect as it is more commonly associated with respiratory or lung-related issues rather than parathyroid gland injury. Option C, respiratory failure, is not directly linked to parathyroid gland injury and is not a typical consequence of this specific surgical complication. Understanding the relationship between the parathyroid gland and calcium regulation is crucial in pharmacology and surgical practices. Students need to grasp the effects of parathyroid dysfunction to provide optimal postoperative care and recognize potential complications. This question reinforces the importance of knowledge about the parathyroid gland in clinical practice and highlights the significance of prompt recognition and management of tetany following thyroid surgery.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In burn wound care, the most frequently used topical antimicrobial is silver sulfadiazine (Option C). Silver sulfadiazine is preferred due to its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against a variety of pathogens commonly found in burn wounds. It helps prevent and treat infections, which are a significant concern in burn patients due to compromised skin integrity. Neosporin (Option A) is not typically used in burn wound care as it contains neomycin, which can cause allergic reactions and is not ideal for extensive burns. Silver nitrate (Option B) is more commonly used for cauterization and wound debridement rather than infection prevention. Sulfamylon (Option D) is effective but can cause significant pain upon application, making it less favorable compared to silver sulfadiazine. Educationally, understanding the rationale behind the choice of antimicrobial agents in burn wound care is crucial for healthcare professionals involved in wound management. It highlights the importance of selecting the most appropriate treatment to promote optimal healing outcomes and reduce the risk of complications such as infections, which can significantly impact patient recovery.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A) Transference. Transference occurs when a nurse unconsciously transfers feelings about someone from their past (like Nurse Edna's father) onto a patient. This can lead to biased perceptions and influence the nurse's ability to provide objective care. Option B) Counter Transference refers to when the nurse projects their own feelings onto the patient, which is the opposite of what is happening in this case. Option C) Reaction formation involves expressing the opposite of one's true feelings, which is not applicable here. Option D) Sympathy is a genuine feeling of compassion towards a patient and is not related to the unconscious transfer of emotions seen in transference. Understanding transference is crucial in nursing practice as it can impact the therapeutic relationship between the nurse and patient. It is important for nurses to recognize and address these emotions to ensure they deliver unbiased and effective care to all patients. By acknowledging and managing transference, nurses can maintain professionalism and provide quality patient care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Affect. Affect refers to the external expression of a person's internal emotional state. The statement "Bow down before me! I am the holy mother of Christ! I am the blessed Virgin Mary!" suggests a grandiose and delusional belief which indicates an abnormality in affect. This expression of exaggerated self-importance and religious delusion is a clear indication of disturbed affect in the mental status examination. Option A) Thought content typically refers to the actual content of a person's thoughts, such as delusions or hallucinations. In this case, the content of the statement is not the primary focus, but rather the emotional expression. Option B) Mood refers to a person's subjective emotional state, such as feeling sad or happy. The statement does not reflect a mood but rather an exaggerated self-perception. Option D) Attitude refers to a person's inclinations or beliefs that predispose their reactions to certain situations. While the statement does reflect a certain attitude, the primary concern here is the emotional expression rather than the underlying attitude. Educationally, understanding the nuances of mental status examination categories like affect is crucial for healthcare professionals to accurately assess and document patients' mental health. Recognizing abnormal affect can aid in diagnosing conditions like psychosis or mania, leading to appropriate interventions and treatment plans. This question highlights the importance of keen observation and interpretation skills in the field of pharmacology and healthcare.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the acute manic phase of bipolar disorder, clients often exhibit behaviors that put them at a high risk for self-harm. Therefore, an appropriate nursing diagnosis for these clients would be "Risk for injury directed to self" (Option A). This is the correct answer because individuals experiencing acute mania may engage in impulsive and risky behaviors that can lead to self-injury. Option B, "Risk for injury directed to others," is incorrect in this context because individuals in the manic phase are more likely to harm themselves rather than others. It is essential for nurses to prioritize the safety of the client first. Option C, "Impaired nutrition less than body requirements," may be a concern for individuals with bipolar disorder, but it is not the most immediate or critical nursing diagnosis during the acute manic phase when the focus should be on preventing self-harm. Option D, "Ineffective individual coping," is also not the most appropriate nursing diagnosis for clients in the acute manic phase as the primary concern is ensuring the safety and preventing harm to the individual. Educationally, understanding the appropriate nursing diagnosis for clients in different phases of bipolar disorder is crucial for providing effective care. By prioritizing the identification of risks and developing appropriate care plans, nurses can better support individuals experiencing acute manic episodes and promote their overall well-being and safety.