ATI RN
Multiple Choice Questions for Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
If the thoracic wall but not lungs is punctured
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because if the thoracic wall is punctured but not the lungs, air will enter the pleural cavity causing a pneumothorax. This leads to lung collapse and can result in death due to impaired gas exchange. Choices A and C are incorrect as the lungs do not get inflated and breathing rate does not decrease. Choice D is incorrect as the breathing rate actually increases in response to the decreased lung function.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse plans care for a client who is experiencing dyspnea and must stop multiple times when climbing a flight of stairs. Which intervention would the nurse include in this client's plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Assistance with activities of daily living. This intervention helps conserve the client's energy by reducing the physical exertion required for activities like climbing stairs. It promotes independence while ensuring safety and preventing further exacerbation of dyspnea. Physical therapy activities every day (B) may be too strenuous for a client experiencing dyspnea. Oxygen therapy at 2 L per nasal cannula (C) may be necessary for severe cases but does not address the client's functional limitations. Complete bedrest with frequent repositioning (D) may lead to deconditioning and worsen the client's dyspnea.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse assesses clients on the medical-surgical unit. Which client is at greatest risk for development of obstructive sleep apnea?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, a 55-year-old woman who is 50 lb overweight. Obesity is a major risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) due to excess fat in the neck area that can obstruct the airway during sleep. This increases the likelihood of experiencing breathing pauses. Pregnancy (choice A) may cause temporary OSA due to hormonal changes, but it's not the greatest risk factor among the options provided. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (choice B) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (choice D) are associated with sleep disturbances, but they are not as directly linked to OSA as obesity.
Question 4 of 5
A client seen in the emergency department reports fever,fatigue and dry cough but no other upper respiratory symptoms. A chest x-ray reveals mediastinal widening. What action by the nurse is best?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Inform the client that oral antibiotics will be needed for 60 days. This is the best action because the client is showing symptoms consistent with tuberculosis, such as fever, fatigue, dry cough, and mediastinal widening on chest x-ray. Treatment for tuberculosis typically involves a combination of oral antibiotics for a prolonged period, usually 6-9 months. Collecting a sputum sample for culture by deep suctioning (A) may be necessary to confirm the diagnosis but is not the priority at this moment. Placing the client on Airborne Precautions immediately (C) is important once the diagnosis is confirmed, not the initial action. Directly observed therapy (D) is a method to ensure adherence to medication but is not the immediate next step.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following methods of speech following laryngectomy involves a throat vibrator held against the neck that projects sound into the mouth causing words to be formed with the mouth?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. The artificial (electric) larynx uses a throat vibrator to produce sound, enabling speech. A (TEP) involves a surgically created opening for speech. B (esophageal speech) relies on air swallowed into the esophagus. D (speech therapy) is a broader term encompassing various techniques.