ATI RN
Pediatric Nursing Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
If the systolic BP is elevated and the diastolic BP is normal, the nurse recognizes that a patient is most likely to have which type of hypertension?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Isolated systolic hypertension is characterized by elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP) with normal diastolic blood pressure (DBP). In this case, if the systolic BP is elevated and the diastolic BP is normal, the nurse would recognize this pattern as indicative of isolated systolic hypertension. This condition is more common in older adults and is associated with aging and stiffening of the arteries. Patients with isolated systolic hypertension are at an increased risk of cardiovascular events, so it is important to monitor and manage their blood pressure appropriately.
Question 2 of 5
Why should clients who take warfarin (Coumadin) refrain from food items such as green leafy vegetables and soybeans?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Clients who take warfarin (Coumadin) should refrain from foods such as green leafy vegetables and soybeans because these foods contain high levels of Vitamin K. Vitamin K plays a crucial role in blood clotting, which may counteract the anti-coagulant effects of warfarin. Therefore, consuming large amounts of Vitamin K-rich foods can reduce the effectiveness of warfarin in preventing blood clots, leading to potential health risks. It is important for clients on warfarin therapy to maintain a consistent intake of Vitamin K in their diet to ensure the medication works effectively.
Question 3 of 5
Which neurotransmitter mediates the sympathetic response?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for our "fight or flight" response to stressful situations. Norepinephrine is the primary neurotransmitter that mediates the sympathetic response, acting on adrenergic receptors in various target tissues. It helps to increase heart rate, elevate blood pressure, dilate air passages in the lungs, and mobilize energy stores in the body to prepare for physical exertion or stress. Acetylcholine is another neurotransmitter involved in the sympathetic nervous system, but norepinephrine is the primary mediator of the fight or flight response.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse notes frequent muscle twitching when collecting admission data on a patient admitted for increasing muscle weakness. Which of the ff. terms should the nurse use to document this?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fasciculations are small, involuntary muscle contractions or twitching observed under the skin. In this scenario, the nurse noted frequent muscle twitching in the patient, which aligns with the characteristic manifestation of fasciculations. It is important for the nurse to accurately document this observation as it can provide valuable information to the healthcare team in assessing the patient's condition and determining the underlying cause of the muscle weakness. Chorea refers to irregular, rapid, and jerky movements that are not present in this case. Atrophy indicates muscle wasting, while neuropathy involves damage or dysfunction of nerves, neither of which specifically describes the observed muscle twitching.
Question 5 of 5
When performing a neurological examination on Mr. RR, which of the following would not be considered an important or useful part of the examination?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When performing a neurological examination on Mr. RR, pupil size due to neurologic medications would not typically be considered an important or useful part of the examination. While assessing pupil size and reactivity can provide valuable information about brain function and potential neurological issues, the focus of the initial examination would generally be on assessing eye movements, reflexes, and signs of nuchal rigidity. Pupil size related to medications would be more relevant in a medication review or history-taking rather than in the initial neurological examination.