ATI RN
Assessment and Management of Newborn Complications Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
If the neonatal nurse is suspicious of necrotizing enterocolitis in the infant, which intervention should take place first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Stop feeds. This is the first intervention because neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis is a serious condition that requires immediate action to prevent further complications. Stopping feeds helps reduce intestinal inflammation and allows the bowel to rest. This step is crucial in managing NEC and preventing perforation. Obtaining a blood gas or checking electrolytes can provide valuable information but are not as urgent as stopping feeds. Calling the practitioner is important but should come after initiating the immediate intervention of stopping feeds.
Question 2 of 5
Which is the most common etiology for pathological jaundice in an infant?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: ABO incompatibility. This is the most common etiology for pathological jaundice in an infant because it occurs when the baby's blood type is incompatible with the mother's, leading to the destruction of the baby's red blood cells and subsequent release of bilirubin, causing jaundice. Physiological jaundice (B) is common but typically resolves on its own without treatment. Inherited pathologies (C) such as genetic conditions may cause jaundice, but they are less common than ABO incompatibility. Birth trauma (D) can lead to jaundice in rare cases, but it is not the most common etiology.
Question 3 of 5
Which clinical sign is most concerning immediately following the delivery of a high-risk neonate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Blood glucose of 35 g/dL. This is the most concerning sign as hypoglycemia in neonates can lead to serious neurological complications. Low blood glucose levels can result in seizures, brain damage, and even death if not promptly addressed. It is crucial to maintain appropriate blood glucose levels in neonates to support their brain development and overall health. Explanation of other choices: A: Axillary temperature of 97.8°F - Slightly below normal but not immediately concerning. C: Oxygen saturation of 90% - Suboptimal but not as critical as severe hypoglycemia. D: Blue-tinged hands and feet - Could indicate poor circulation, but hypoglycemia is more urgent to address.
Question 4 of 5
Which infant is at greatest risk for developing hypoglycemia after birth?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Severe small for gestational age (SGA) infant, as they have limited glycogen stores and are at higher risk for hypoglycemia. SGA infants often have poor growth in utero, leading to decreased nutrient reserves. This puts them at increased risk for low blood sugar levels after birth. Incorrect choices: B: Appropriate for gestational age infants typically have adequate glycogen stores and are at lower risk for hypoglycemia. C: Infants of diabetic mothers with good maternal glucose control are less likely to have hypoglycemia due to stable blood sugar levels in utero. D: Cold-stressed term infants may have transient hypoglycemia, but they are not at the greatest risk compared to severe SGA infants.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse in NICU is assessing a neonate delivered at 32 weeks gestation. Which pathophysiological manifestation is the nurse’s greatest concern?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Apnea 20 seconds or longer. In a neonate delivered at 32 weeks gestation, apnea lasting 20 seconds or longer is the greatest concern as it indicates immature respiratory control and potential for respiratory distress or failure. Absent or weak reflexes (A) may be common in premature infants but are not as critical as respiratory issues. A heart murmur (B) may be present due to structural heart defects, but apnea poses a more immediate threat. Low hemoglobin (D) may indicate anemia, which can be managed with appropriate interventions, unlike compromised respiratory function.