ATI RN
Nutrition and Fluid Balance Questions
Question 1 of 5
If the body is in a state of negative water balance, this will have a direct and profound effect on the volume of
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: FALSE. In a state of negative water balance, the body is losing more water than it is taking in. This will lead to dehydration and a decrease in total body water volume, not an increase. The other choices, A, C, and D, are incorrect as they do not accurately reflect the impact of negative water balance on body volume.
Question 2 of 5
Salt conservation by the body will result in an increase in ECF volume and not hypertonicity of the ECF.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: When the body conserves salt, it retains more sodium ions in the extracellular fluid (ECF). Step 2: Sodium ions attract water, leading to an increase in ECF volume. Step 3: This increase in volume dilutes the ECF, making it less hypertonic. Step 4: Therefore, salt conservation results in increased ECF volume, not hypertonicity. Summary: Option A is correct because salt conservation leads to volume expansion in the ECF, not hypertonicity. Option B is incorrect as it misinterprets the relationship between salt conservation and ECF characteristics. Options C and D are not applicable as they are placeholders.
Question 3 of 5
Extracellular fluid volume depends primarily on the sodium load in the body.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Extracellular fluid volume is mainly regulated by sodium levels as sodium plays a key role in maintaining fluid balance. When sodium levels are high, water is retained in the extracellular space, increasing volume. Conversely, low sodium levels lead to water excretion, decreasing volume. Therefore, the statement that extracellular fluid volume depends primarily on sodium load is true. Other choices are not applicable as they do not provide relevant information.
Question 4 of 5
A hypertonic solution has a higher concentration of solutes and a lower concentration of H O than an isotonic solution.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Define hypertonic solution as having a higher solute concentration. Step 2: Define isotonic solution as having equal solute concentrations. Step 3: Hypertonic solution has lower water concentration due to higher solute concentration. Step 4: Therefore, A is TRUE: Hypertonic solution has higher solute concentration and lower water concentration. Summary: B is incorrect because hypertonic solution does have higher solute concentration. Choices C and D are not applicable as they do not provide relevant information.
Question 5 of 5
The thirst centre is closely related to, or perhaps identical to, the cells that secrete vasopressin.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. The thirst center is indeed closely related to the cells that secrete vasopressin. When the body is dehydrated, the thirst center in the brain is activated, leading to the release of vasopressin, a hormone that helps regulate water balance by promoting water reabsorption in the kidneys. This close relationship between the thirst center and vasopressin-secreting cells highlights their interconnected roles in maintaining proper hydration levels in the body. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not provide a logical explanation or reasoning behind the relationship between the thirst center and vasopressin-secreting cells.