ATI RN
Introduction to Professional Nursing Questions
Question 1 of 5
If all of the following nursing measures are possible, which helps most when planning to obtain a sputum specimen?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Provide the client with generous fluid intake. Adequate fluid intake helps in thinning respiratory secretions, making it easier to obtain a sputum specimen. This measure promotes hydration, which can facilitate coughing and sputum production. Regular position changes (B) may help prevent complications like pressure ulcers but are not directly related to obtaining a sputum specimen. A high-protein diet (C) and sufficient rest periods (D) are important for overall client well-being but do not specifically aid in obtaining a sputum specimen.
Question 2 of 5
The physician orders ampicillin (Omnipen), 500 mg by mouth every 6 hours. This medication order is an example of:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: A standard written order. This is because a standard written order specifies the medication, dose, route, frequency, and duration of administration. In this case, the order for ampicillin 500 mg by mouth every 6 hours is clearly outlined and does not specify any special circumstances like a one-time dose or immediate administration (stat order). Additionally, it is not an as-needed order which would only be given based on the patient's symptoms or condition. It also does not qualify as a single order as it is intended to be administered multiple times at specified intervals.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is setting an infusion pump to deliver 4 mcg/kg/min of a medication to a patient who weighs 50 kg. How many micrograms should the patient receive in one hour?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: To determine the correct answer, we first calculate the total micrograms the patient should receive in one hour. 1. Multiply the patient's weight (50 kg) by the infusion rate (4 mcg/kg/min) to get the total micrograms/min: 50 kg * 4 mcg/kg/min = 200 mcg/min. 2. To find the total micrograms in one hour, multiply the micrograms/min by 60 minutes: 200 mcg/min * 60 min = 12000 mcg. Therefore, the patient should receive 12,000 micrograms in one hour, making choice C the correct answer. Explanation for incorrect choices: A: 200 - This is the total micrograms per minute, not for the whole hour. B: 1200 - This is close to the correct answer, but it doesn't account for the full hour. D: 0 - This is incorrect as the patient should receive medication over the hour.
Question 4 of 5
To perform postural drainage on a patient, the nurse should:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because performing postural drainage before the client takes his meal helps prevent aspiration during the procedure. Aspiration can occur if the patient has recently eaten, increasing the risk of food or liquid entering the lungs. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because drinking water before the procedure, suctioning the patient, or asking about comfort positions are not directly related to preventing aspiration during postural drainage.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse assesses a stage III pressure ulcer. The nurse has observed which of the following?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because a stage III pressure ulcer is characterized by an open wound with subcutaneous tissue exposed. This indicates significant tissue damage, making it a distinguishing feature of a stage III ulcer. Choice A is incorrect because redness that persists when pressure is relieved is indicative of a stage I pressure ulcer. Choice C is incorrect as it describes a stage IV ulcer, not stage III. Choice D is incorrect as it describes a stage II ulcer, not stage III.