If a resident consumes ½ cup of a fluid how many milliliters (mL) has he consumed?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: To convert 1 cup to mL, we use the conversion factor 1 cup = 236.59 mL. Since the resident consumed 1/2 cup, we calculate 236.59 mL / 2 = 118.295 mL, which rounds up to 120 mL. Therefore, the correct answer is B (120). Choice A (60) is incorrect as it is half of 120. Choice C (30) is incorrect as it is half of 60. Choice D (80) is incorrect as it does not correspond to the calculation based on 1/2 cup.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Candida albicans. This fungus is the most common cause of yeast infections in the vaginal area. Candida albicans is a type of fungus that naturally resides in the body, but can overgrow in certain conditions, leading to an infection. Staphylococcus (choice A) and Streptococcus (choice D) are bacteria, not fungi, and are not typically associated with yeast infections. Pseudomonas (choice B) is also a bacterium and not the causative agent of yeast infections. Therefore, based on the nature of yeast infections and the known causative agent, Candida albicans is the correct choice.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Control pH levels. Blood helps maintain a stable pH level in the body by acting as a buffer system to prevent drastic changes in acidity or alkalinity. This is crucial for proper function of enzymes and other biochemical processes. Incorrect choices: A: Remove oxygen from the cells - This is incorrect as blood carries oxygen to cells, not removes it. B: Control blood vessel size - While blood vessels can regulate their size, it is not the primary function of blood. D: Increase body temperature - Blood does contribute to temperature regulation through circulation, but its primary role is not to increase body temperature.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cartilage. Cartilage is the protective substance that covers the ends of bones. It acts as a cushion between bones, reducing friction and preventing wear and tear. Collagen is a protein found in connective tissues but is not the primary substance covering bone ends. Hormones and minerals do not directly protect the ends of bones.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Thyroid hormones, such as T3 and T4, are primarily responsible for regulating metabolism and growth in the body. They control how the body uses energy and help in the synthesis of proteins. Thyroid hormones do not directly influence heart rate and respiration (Choice A), bile production and potassium levels (Choice B), or kidney and liver function (Choice C). Thus, the correct answer is D as it aligns with the known functions of thyroid hormones.