ATI RN
NCLEX Style Questions on Oxygenation Questions
Question 1 of 5
If a fetus is known or anticipated to have low surfactant levels, the mother should be given corticosteroids at what time period to to possibly increase production of surfactant?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Corticosteroids (e.g., betamethasone) are given 24-48 hours before preterm delivery to enhance fetal lung surfactant production.
Question 2 of 5
What category of medications may be administered by nebulizer or metered-dose inhaler to open narrowed airways?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bronchodilators relax airway muscles to open narrowed airways, commonly delivered via nebulizer or inhaler.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has left-sided heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Crackles in the lungs. Left-sided heart failure leads to pulmonary congestion, causing fluid to accumulate in the lungs and resulting in crackles upon auscultation. Edema of the lower extremities (B) is more indicative of right-sided heart failure. A rapid, irregular heart rate (C) may indicate atrial fibrillation but is not specific to left-sided heart failure. A systolic murmur (D) is not typically associated with left-sided heart failure but may indicate valvular heart disease.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse would expect which change in cardiac output for a patient with fluid volume overload?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increased preload. Fluid volume overload increases the volume of blood in the heart chambers, leading to increased stretching of the heart muscle fibers (preload). This results in an increase in cardiac output. B: Decreased afterload is not expected with fluid volume overload as afterload refers to the resistance the heart must overcome to eject blood. C: Decreased tissue perfusion is not directly related to fluid volume overload, as it is more indicative of inadequate blood flow to tissues. D: Increased heart rate is not a direct effect of fluid volume overload but may occur as a compensatory mechanism in some cases.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client on a cardiopulmonary unit. Which of the following clients should the nurse plan to see first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because dyspnea indicates difficulty breathing, which could be a sign of impending respiratory distress or heart failure in a cardiopulmonary unit. This requires immediate assessment and intervention to prevent further complications. A: Teaching about a new medication can be scheduled later. C: A new diagnosis of aortic valve stenosis requires urgent attention but not as immediate as a client with dyspnea. D: An asthma client being discharged can be seen after addressing the client with dyspnea.