If a fair-skinned person is sunburned, why does his or her skin turn red?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: The blood flow to the skin increases. When a fair-skinned person is sunburned, the body increases blood flow to the affected area to help with healing. This increased blood flow causes the skin to appear red due to the dilation of blood vessels near the skin surface. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because a decrease in blood supply, an increase in red melanocytes, or an increase in production of red pigments do not directly explain why the skin turns red after sunburn.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: cutaneous membrane and accessory structures. The integumentary system consists of the cutaneous membrane (skin) and accessory structures like hair, nails, and glands. The skin is the main component responsible for protection, sensation, and temperature regulation. The accessory structures support these functions. A: epidermis and superficial fascia - The epidermis is a layer of the skin, not a component of the integumentary system. Superficial fascia is a layer of connective tissue beneath the skin. C: cutaneous membrane and hypodermis - The hypodermis is a subcutaneous layer beneath the skin, not a component of the integumentary system. D: integument and hypodermis - The integument is another term for the skin, not a separate component. Hypodermis is not a component of the integumentary system.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Terminal. Terminal hairs are coarse, pigmented hairs found on the scalp, eyebrows, and eyelashes. This type of hair is fully developed and thicker compared to vellus hairs found on other areas of the body. Keratinous (A) refers to the protein that makes up hair, so it is not describing the type of hair. Follicular (C) pertains to the hair follicle itself and not the type of hair. Dense (D) does not specify the characteristics of the hair, so it is not the correct choice. Therefore, B is the correct answer.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: synthesis of vitamin C. The integumentary system does not synthesize vitamin C; it is produced by the liver. The integumentary system's function includes maintaining body temperature, providing sensation, and protecting underlying tissues. Vitamin C synthesis is not a function of the integumentary system as it is primarily related to the liver's metabolic processes. Therefore, choice A is the correct answer as it does not align with the functions of the integumentary system.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Correct Answer: A (is vascularized) Rationale: The epidermis is avascular, meaning it does not contain blood vessels. This is crucial for protection against external factors. The other choices are correct: B) It is multilayered to provide protection, C) It is flexible to allow for movement, and D) It is self-repairing to heal minor injuries. Summary: - A: Incorrect, as the epidermis lacks blood vessels for protection. - B: Correct, as the epidermis is multilayered for protection. - C: Correct, as the epidermis is flexible for movement. - D: Correct, as the epidermis has self-repairing capabilities.