If a blood pressure cuff is too small for a client, blood pressure readings taken with such a cuff may do which of the following?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A blood pressure cuff too small for a client's arm compresses the brachial artery excessively, requiring higher inflation pressure to occlude it, resulting in a false-high measurement (Choice B). The cuff's bladder should encircle 80% of the arm; if undersized (e.g., adult cuff on an obese arm), it overestimates systolic and diastolic readingse.g., 150/90 mmHg might read 160/100 mmHg. Failing to show changes (Choice A) isn't the issue; the reading is inaccurate, not unresponsive. Sciatic nerve damage (Choice C) is unrelated, as the sciatic nerve is in the leg, not arm. A false-low measurement (Choice D) occurs with an oversized cuff, the opposite problem. Studies (e.g., AHA guidelines) confirm small cuffs inflate unevenly, skewing results high. Proper sizing prevents misdiagnosis like hypertension, making Choice B the correct effect.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The circadian cycle orchestrates sleep via physiological shifts, notably lowering body temperature (by ~1°C) and releasing 'melatonin' from the pineal gland at dusk, signaled by the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). Melatonin promotes drowsinesse.g., levels rise from 10 pg/mL daytime to 100 pg/mL at nightaligning sleep with darkness. 'Neonephrine' is fictitious; norepinephrine, if meant, promotes arousal, not sleep. 'Seratonin' , likely a misspelling of serotonin, aids mood and melatonin synthesis but isn't directly released for sleep onset. 'Dopamine' drives wakefulness and reward, peaking daytimee.g., its suppression at night aids sleep. For example, a nurse might note a patient's melatonin spike at 10 p.m., cooling their core temperature, per Taylor's circadian biology. Choice C is the correct chemical, critical for sleep preparation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Stimulus control reconditions the bedroom as a sleep cue, per CBT-I protocols. 'Use the bedroom for sleep and sex only' is correct; limiting activitiese.g., no TV or workstrengthens the bed-sleep link, cutting sleep latency (e.g., from 40 to 15 minutes). Choice B, 'use the bedroom for reading and eating,' undermines this; multi-use (e.g., snacking at 10 p.m.) signals wakefulness, per sleep science. Choice C, 'go to bed at the same time every night,' is sleep hygiene, not stimulus control's coree.g., it's complementary, not defining. Choice D, 'sleep alone with minimal coverings,' is irrelevant; company or blankets don't dictate conditioning unless disruptive. For example, a patient leaving the bedroom if awake >20 minutes reinforces sleep association, per Taylor's behavioral approach. Choice A is the precise, correct recommendation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Medication ordering reflects patient need and flexibility. 'P.r.n' , or 'as needed,' is most common for sleep medse.g., zolpidem 10 mg PRN allows use only when insomnia strikes, per hospital norms in Taylor. 'Stat' is immediate, one-timee.g., post-op, not routine sleep. 'Single order' is once-only, like stat, not ongoinge.g., one 5 mg dose. 'Daily dose' is schedulede.g., 10 mg qHSless common as it assumes constant need, risking tolerance. PRN's adaptabilitye.g., 3 nights weeklyfits sleep's variability, making Choice B the correct, prevalent method.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Pain location can mislead its origin. 'Referred pain' fits a myocardial infarction's left arm/shoulder paine.g., cardiac ischemia projects via shared nerve pathways (T1-T5), per Taylor's pain science. 'Cutaneous pain' is skin-specifice.g., a burn, not heart. 'Allodynia' is pain from non-painful stimulie.g., touch hurts in neuropathy, not MI. 'Nociceptive' is a category (tissue damage), not a typee.g., too broad here. MI's classic referrale.g., angina radiatingmakes Choice B the correct term.