ATI RN
Pediatric Musculoskeletal Questions
Question 1 of 5
Idiopathic scoliosis is characterized by all the following EXCEPT
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Idiopathic scoliosis occurs in neurologically normal children; neurological defects suggest other types.
Question 2 of 5
Matching: Kocher-Debré-Sémélaigne Syndrome
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Kocher-Debré-Sémélaigne Syndrome is associated with hypothyroidism, featuring muscle hypertrophy and weakness. Other options are distinct metabolic or endocrine disorders.
Question 3 of 5
Which is not true of Duchenne muscular dystrophy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Duchenne muscular dystrophy is X-linked recessive, not autosomal dominant, making B false. It's common, symptoms start later, and CK is elevated.
Question 4 of 5
A 4-year-old child presents with symmetric weakness that began in the lower extremities and subsequently progressed over 10-14 days to involve the trunk and upper limbs. Deep tendon reflexes are absent. There are no sensory deficits or bowel or bladder dysfunction. Nerve conduction velocity test results are abnormal. The cerebrospinal fluid shows protein of 78 mg/dL and 5 white blood cells /μL. Which is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Guillain-Barré syndrome is indicated by progressive symmetric weakness, absent reflexes, abnormal nerve conduction, and CSF with elevated protein but few cells (albuminocytologic dissociation).
Question 5 of 5
In-toeing gait most commonly results from excessive femoral anteversion. Of the following, the TRUE statements is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Excessive femoral anteversion is more common in girls, patellas point inward (not outward), and diagnosis is clinical, not typically by CT. Treatment is usually observation as it often resolves spontaneously.