ATI RN
clinical skills questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Identify which substances in the glomerular filtrate would indicate a problem with renal function. (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The presence of protein in the glomerular filtrate indicates a problem with renal function as healthy kidneys should not allow large molecules like proteins to pass through the filtration barrier. This could be a sign of kidney damage or dysfunction. Sodium, creatinine, and red blood cells are normally present in the filtrate and are not specific indicators of renal function issues. Sodium is actively reabsorbed in the renal tubules, creatinine is a waste product filtered by the kidneys, and a small number of red blood cells may pass through the filtration barrier under normal circumstances.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who has a temporary percutaneous dialysis catheter in place. In caring for this patient, the nurse should
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because assessing the catheter site for redness and/or swelling is essential in monitoring for signs of infection or complications. Redness and swelling can indicate infection, which requires prompt intervention. A: Applying a sterile gauze dressing is not necessary for a temporary percutaneous dialysis catheter unless specified by the healthcare provider. B: Transparent dressings are typically left in place for several days unless there is a specific reason to change them more frequently. D: Using the catheter for drawing blood samples is not recommended as it can increase the risk of infection and may interfere with the dialysis process.
Question 3 of 5
The most significant clinical finding of acute adrenal crisis associated with fluid and electrolyte imbalance is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for the correct answer (C: hyperkalemia): 1. Adrenal crisis leads to adrenal insufficiency, causing decreased cortisol levels. 2. Cortisol plays a crucial role in regulating potassium levels. 3. With decreased cortisol, potassium levels can rise, leading to hyperkalemia. 4. Hyperkalemia can result in life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. Summary: A: Fluid volume excess is not typical in adrenal crisis. B: Hyperglycemia can be present but is not the most significant finding. D: Hypernatremia is not a typical feature of adrenal crisis.
Question 4 of 5
What is a minimally acceptable urine output for a patient weighing 75 kg?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C (80 mL/hour) as it is considered a minimally acceptable urine output for a patient weighing 75 kg. Adequate urine output is crucial for kidney function and fluid balance. The general rule is to maintain a urine output of at least 0.5 mL/kg/hour, which in this case would be 37.5 mL/hour for a 75 kg patient. Option C (80 mL/hour) exceeds this minimum requirement, ensuring proper kidney perfusion and waste elimination. Options A (Less than 30 mL/hour) and D (150 mL/hour) are incorrect as they fall below or exceed the recommended urine output range, potentially indicating renal impairment or fluid overload, respectively. Option B (37 mL/hour) is close to the minimum requirement but does not provide a sufficient margin for variations in fluid status or kidney function.
Question 5 of 5
Identify which substances in the glomerular filtrate would indicate a problem with renal function. (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The presence of protein in the glomerular filtrate indicates a problem with renal function as healthy kidneys should not allow large molecules like proteins to pass through the filtration barrier. This could be a sign of kidney damage or dysfunction. Sodium, creatinine, and red blood cells are normally present in the filtrate and are not specific indicators of renal function issues. Sodium is actively reabsorbed in the renal tubules, creatinine is a waste product filtered by the kidneys, and a small number of red blood cells may pass through the filtration barrier under normal circumstances.