ATI RN
Cardiovascular System Anatomy Questions and Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
Identify the two primary factors that determine blood pressure.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: BP is determined by cardiac output (CO) and peripheral resistance (PR) (B, BP = CO × PR). A affects PR, C determines CO, D is secondary.
Question 2 of 5
Identify the fetal structures that help circulation to by-pass the lungs.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The ductus arteriosus (shunts pulmonary artery to aorta) and foramen ovale (right to left atrium, B) bypass the fetal lungs. Ductus venosus (A) bypasses liver, umbilical vessels (C, D) connect to placenta.
Question 3 of 5
The longest vein in the human body is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The long saphenous vein (C), from foot to thigh, is the longest (~70-100 cm). Inferior vena cava (A) is shorter (~20 cm), subclavian (B) and jugular (D) are smaller.
Question 4 of 5
Hepatic portal system originates from:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The hepatic portal system originates from the gut (D, intestines/stomach), carrying nutrient-rich blood to the liver. Liver (A) is the destination, kidney (B) is unrelated, and capillaries (C) are too general.
Question 5 of 5
Closure of the aortic valve occurs before the following event:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aortic valve closure (S₂) marks the start of isovolumetric relaxation (B), when ventricles relax but valves are closed. A is systole start, C and D are vague.