ATI RN
Multiple Choice Questions for Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Identify the inconsistent value in these measurements on a mixed venous blood sample obtained in a healthy person from IVC at sea level
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: PN2 = 620mmHg. This is the inconsistent value because the normal partial pressure of nitrogen in venous blood is around 40 mmHg, not 620 mmHg. This discrepancy indicates an abnormal measurement. The other choices (A, B, D) are within expected ranges for a mixed venous blood sample in a healthy person at sea level. Choice A (pO2 = 40mmHg) is typical for venous blood, choice B (pCO2 = 48mmHg) falls within the normal range, and choice D (O2 content = 150ml/L blood) is a reasonable value for mixed venous blood.
Question 2 of 5
A male patient's X-ray result reveals bilateral white-outs, indicating acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This syndrome results from:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Increased pulmonary capillary permeability. ARDS is characterized by damage to the alveolar-capillary membrane, leading to increased permeability and leakage of fluid into the alveoli. This causes bilateral white-outs on X-ray. Cardiogenic pulmonary edema (A) results from heart failure, not ARDS. Respiratory alkalosis (B) is a condition of elevated blood pH due to hyperventilation, not a direct cause of ARDS. Renal failure (D) is not a direct cause of ARDS, although it can contribute to fluid overload. Thus, the most accurate choice is C due to the pathophysiological mechanism of ARDS.
Question 3 of 5
A male client abruptly sits up in bed, reports having difficulty breathing and has an arterial oxygen saturation of 88%. Which mode of oxygen delivery would most likely reverse the manifestations?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Non-rebreather mask. This device provides the highest concentration of oxygen among the choices, around 80-100%. In a client with difficulty breathing and low oxygen saturation, a high concentration of oxygen is crucial to quickly reverse hypoxemia. The non-rebreather mask ensures that the client is receiving the maximum amount of oxygen with each breath, improving oxygenation rapidly. A: Simple mask delivers a lower concentration of oxygen and would not be sufficient for a client in distress. C: Face tent does not provide a high concentration of oxygen and may not be effective in quickly reversing hypoxemia. D: Nasal cannula delivers a lower concentration of oxygen compared to the non-rebreather mask and may not be enough to reverse manifestations in a client with significant difficulty breathing and low oxygen saturation.
Question 4 of 5
Aminophylline (theophylline) is prescribed for a client with acute bronchitis. A nurse administers the medication, knowing that the primary action of this medication is to?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Relax smooth muscles of the bronchial airway. Aminophylline (theophylline) is a bronchodilator that works by relaxing the smooth muscles in the bronchial airways, which helps to open up the airways and improve airflow. This action helps to relieve bronchospasm, which is common in conditions like acute bronchitis. Promoting expectoration (A) and suppressing cough (B) are not the primary actions of aminophylline, although they may be secondary effects. Preventing infection (D) is unrelated to the mechanism of action of aminophylline in treating acute bronchitis.
Question 5 of 5
A client has been diagnosed with lung cancer and requires lobectomy. How much of the lung is removed?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: A lobe of the lung. During a lobectomy, a lobe of the lung is surgically removed, typically to treat lung cancer while preserving the remaining lung tissue. Removing one entire lung (choices A and D) is not necessary for a lobectomy and would be a more extensive procedure. Choice C, removing a small localized area near the surface of the lung, does not accurately reflect the extent of tissue removal required for a lobectomy. Therefore, the correct choice is B as it specifically addresses the removal of a lobe during the surgical procedure.