Identify the formal organization of public health servicesfrom a global to local level

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: The correct answer is A because it accurately describes the formal organization of public health services. The Constitution delegates public health responsibilities to the states, not the federal government. Step 2: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) conducts research, sets guidelines, and provides support, but quarantines are typically managed by local health departments. Step 3: This demonstrates a hierarchical system where the federal level (CDC) supports and guides the state and local levels in public health efforts. Step 4: Choice B is incorrect because it mentions state boards of health but does not emphasize the role of the CDC or the division of responsibilities between federal and state levels. Step 5: Choice C is incorrect because it oversimplifies the role of local health departments in managing quarantines without acknowledging the broader structure of public health services. Step 6: Choice D is incorrect because it suggests that all levels of government are not capable of handling local health crises, which is not accurate as

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, conducting health education workshops. This action promotes population health by educating and empowering individuals to make informed decisions about their health, leading to prevention of diseases and promotion of overall well-being. Health education workshops have a broader reach compared to individual consultations and focus on prevention rather than treatment like options A and D. Providing treatment for chronic diseases (A) and administering medication for acute illnesses (D) are reactive approaches that do not address the root causes or prevent future health issues at a population level.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because population-based nursing practice focuses on promoting wellness and preventing disease through proactive approaches. This involves addressing the health needs of entire populations rather than individuals. Emphasizing curative care (B) is not a characteristic of population-based nursing. Focusing on reactive approaches (C) and providing care only outside hospital settings (D) are also not in line with the preventative and wellness-promoting nature of population-based nursing practice.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Report the case to the local public health department. This action is necessary to ensure proper disease surveillance, contact tracing, and implementation of public health measures to prevent further spread of hepatitis A in the community. The local public health department is responsible for monitoring and controlling infectious diseases at the community level, making it crucial for the nurse to report the case to them. Other choices are incorrect because: A: Notifying the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is not the immediate action required at the local level. C: Informing the National Institutes of Health is not necessary for immediate public health response. D: Reporting the case to the primary care provider is important for patient care but does not address the public health implications of the diagnosis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Child labor and working conditions. This reform movement was foundational to the modern public health system as it led to improved labor laws, workplace safety regulations, and child labor restrictions. Addressing child labor and working conditions was crucial in promoting the health and well-being of the population. The other choices are not directly related to the development of the modern public health system. Smoking tobacco indoors, drinking water cleanliness, and opioid prescribing are important public health issues, but they are not as directly linked to the foundational reforms that shaped the modern public health system.