ATI RN
100 Questions on the Cardiovascular System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Identify the factors that affect peripheral resistance.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Peripheral resistance depends on arterial diameter (major), length, and blood viscosity (A). Cardiac output (B), HR/SV (C), and venous factors (D) influence BP, not resistance directly.
Question 2 of 5
Identify the vessel that transports oxygen rich blood to the fetus.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The umbilical vein (D) carries oxygen-rich blood from the placenta to the fetus. Umbilical arteries (C) return deoxygenated blood, ductus arteriosus (A) and venosus (B) are shunts.
Question 3 of 5
The innermost layer of the blood vessels is made up of:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The innermost layer (tunica intima) is endothelium (B), a simple squamous epithelium specialized for blood contact. Ciliated (A) and columnar (C) are not in vessels; D is a general term overlapping with B.
Question 4 of 5
Formation of blood clot is known as:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A thrombus (A) is a blood clot in a vessel. Thrombosis (C) is the process, fibrinolysis (B) is clot breakdown, and 'clot' (D) is vague but synonymous with thrombus.
Question 5 of 5
What is the definition of afterload?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Afterload (A) is the pressure (e.g., aortic pressure) ventricles overcome to eject blood. B is preload, C is contractility, D is atrial unrelated.