ATI RN
Basic Immune System Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Identify the disease in which the person's immune system no longer recognizes its own tissues or organs.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Autoimmune diseases. This is because autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues or organs. In this condition, the immune system fails to recognize self from non-self, leading to inflammation and tissue damage. A: Allergies involve an exaggerated immune response to harmless substances, not attacking self-tissues. B: Immunodeficiencies result in a weakened immune system, making it less effective at fighting infections, not attacking self-tissues. D: Delayed hypersensitivity is a type of immune response that occurs hours to days after exposure to an allergen, not involving the immune system attacking self-tissues. In summary, autoimmune diseases are characterized by the immune system targeting the body's own tissues or organs, distinguishing them from allergies, immunodeficiencies, and delayed hypersensitivity.
Question 2 of 5
Which enzyme catalyzes the addition of deoxynucleotides to the 3'OH ends of DNA molecules?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT). TdT catalyzes the addition of deoxynucleotides to the 3'OH ends of DNA molecules. It does so by adding nucleotides in a template-independent manner, making it crucial for generating diversity in immune cell receptor genes. A: Phosphohydrolase - This enzyme is not involved in adding deoxynucleotides to DNA ends. B: T4 DNA ligase - This enzyme catalyzes the joining of DNA fragments, not the addition of deoxynucleotides. D: DNA endonuclease - This enzyme cleaves DNA internally, not involved in adding deoxynucleotides to DNA ends.
Question 3 of 5
Which enzyme catalyzes the following reaction? Gap 5' - G G-A-T-C-C—3' ⋮ ⋮ ⋮ ⋮ ⋮ 3' - C-C-T-A-G G—5' Gap 5' - G-G-A-T-C-C—3' ⋮ ⋮ ⋮ ⋮ ⋮ 3' - C-C-T-A-G-G—5'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: DNA ligase. DNA ligase catalyzes the joining of two DNA strands by forming a phosphodiester bond between the 3' hydroxyl of one nucleotide and the 5' phosphate of another. In the given reaction, the enzyme is needed to seal the nick in the DNA strands after the Okazaki fragments have been synthesized during DNA replication. Explanation of other choices: B: DNA endonuclease - Endonucleases cleave the phosphodiester bond within a polynucleotide chain, not join two DNA strands. C: None of the options are correct - This is incorrect as DNA ligase is the correct enzyme for this reaction. D: DNA polymerase 1 - DNA polymerase synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides to the 3' end of the growing chain, not joining two DNA strands.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following is the best dietary advice to maximize the immune function in healthy people?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 5 of 5
When assessing a client with autoimmune disorder,what signs should the nurse look for in the client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.