ATI RN
Medical Surgical ATI Proctored Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
Identify the areas of symptom investigation using PQRST that still need to be addressed to provide additional important information (select all that apply).
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answers are 'Timing,' 'Quality,' 'Severity,' and 'Precipitating.' Using the PQRST framework ensures comprehensive evaluation of symptoms. Timing refers to onset and duration; Quality describes the nature of the symptom; Severity quantifies intensity; and Precipitating factors explore triggers.
Question 2 of 5
A patient has come to the health clinic with diarrhea of 3 days’ duration. He says the stools occur five or six times per day and are very watery. Every time he eats or drinks something, he has an urgent diarrhea stool. He denies being out of the country but did attend a large family reunion held at a campground in the mountains about a week ago.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Severity. The patient's presentation of watery diarrhea occurring multiple times a day with urgency after eating or drinking suggests a severe form of diarrhea. This is indicative of a possible infectious etiology, such as a bacterial or parasitic infection. Assessing the severity of the diarrhea is crucial in determining the appropriate treatment plan, which may include fluid replacement, antimicrobial therapy, and symptom management. Option A) Timing is incorrect because while the duration of symptoms (3 days) is important, the urgent and watery nature of the diarrhea is more indicative of severity. Option B) Quality is not the best choice as it focuses on the characteristics of the stool itself rather than the severity and potential implications for the patient's health. Option D) Palliative is incorrect as it pertains to measures that provide relief but do not address the underlying cause of the symptoms. In this case, identifying the severity of the diarrhea is essential for proper intervention. Educationally, understanding how to assess the severity of symptoms in a patient is critical for effective clinical decision-making. This case highlights the importance of recognizing key clinical indicators to guide appropriate pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions in the management of gastrointestinal issues.
Question 3 of 5
When selecting audiovisual and written materials as teaching strategies, what is important for the nurse to do?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Review the materials before use for accuracy and appropriateness to learning needs and goals.' Ensuring the materials are accurate and appropriate is critical to effective teaching. Providing materials beforehand or ensuring they cover all needed information may not always be feasible or necessary.
Question 4 of 5
After listening to her, which statement would be included as part of a motivational interview?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In the context of motivational interviewing, option C, "I know you are tired but look how much easier walking was today than it was last week," is the most appropriate statement. This response reflects empathy, acknowledges the patient's efforts, highlights progress, and encourages further positive behavior change. It focuses on the patient's achievements and strengths, which are key motivational factors in promoting adherence to therapy. Option A, "Why not?" lacks specificity and does not provide positive reinforcement or encouragement. Option B, "If you go to therapy, I’ll give you a back rub when you get back," introduces an element of coercion or bribery, which is not aligned with the principles of motivational interviewing. Option D, "Well, with that attitude, you will have trouble. The doctor ordered therapy because he thought it would help," is confrontational and may evoke resistance instead of fostering motivation. In an educational context, it is crucial for healthcare professionals to master motivational interviewing techniques to effectively support patients in making positive health behavior changes. By using empathetic, strengths-based, and non-confrontational communication strategies like the one in option C, healthcare providers can build rapport, enhance patient engagement, and facilitate successful treatment outcomes.
Question 5 of 5
For each of the nursing diagnoses listed, identify at least two normal expected physiologic changes related to aging that could be etiologic factors of the diagnosis.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the context of pharmacology and the Medical Surgical ATI Proctored Exam, understanding the normal expected physiologic changes related to aging is crucial for providing safe and effective care to the elderly population. For the nursing diagnosis of imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements, two normal expected physiologic changes related to aging that could be etiologic factors are decreased taste and smell sensations leading to decreased appetite, as well as decreased gastrointestinal motility leading to slower digestion and absorption of nutrients. Option B, activity intolerance, may be related to musculoskeletal changes such as decreased muscle mass and strength, and reduced joint flexibility in aging individuals. Option C, risk for injury, could be attributed to sensory changes like decreased vision and hearing acuity, as well as slower reaction times in the elderly population, making them more prone to falls and accidents. Option D, urge urinary incontinence, is less likely to be directly related to normal expected physiologic changes related to aging. While aging can lead to changes in bladder function such as decreased capacity and increased frequency of urination, urge incontinence is more commonly associated with conditions like urinary tract infections or neurological disorders. Understanding these age-related changes is essential for nurses to provide individualized care, implement appropriate interventions, and prevent complications in older adult patients. By recognizing these normal physiologic changes, nurses can develop tailored care plans that address the specific needs of elderly patients, promoting their overall health and well-being.