ATI RN
Gastrointestinal Nursing Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Identify one nursing intervention indicated for each of the following desired outcomes of tube feeding.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Prevention of aspiration. This is essential in tube feeding to avoid the risk of food or liquid entering the lungs, causing aspiration pneumonia. Nursing interventions for this include ensuring proper positioning during and after feeding, checking residual volumes before each feeding, and using the appropriate tube size and placement. Incorrect Choices: B: Prevention of diarrhea - Diarrhea is not directly related to tube feeding complications, but rather to factors such as infection, medication side effects, or underlying conditions. C: Maintenance of tube patency - While important, this focuses on ensuring the tube remains clear and functional, not directly related to preventing aspiration. D: Maintenance of tube placement - Ensuring proper tube placement is crucial for effective feeding but does not directly address the risk of aspiration.
Question 2 of 5
A patient with a history of peptic ulcer disease is hospitalized with symptoms of a perforation. During the initial assessment
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Projectile vomiting of undigested food. In a patient with a perforated peptic ulcer, the sudden opening in the stomach lining allows food to pass into the abdominal cavity, leading to projectile vomiting of undigested food. This symptom is a classic sign of a perforation and requires immediate medical attention. Choice A is incorrect because vomiting of bright-red blood is more indicative of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, not a perforation. Choice B is incorrect as vomiting undigested food is more common in conditions like gastroparesis, not perforated ulcers. Choice D is incorrect as severe upper abdominal pain and back pain are symptoms of a perforation but not as specific as projectile vomiting of undigested food.
Question 3 of 5
The patient has peritonitis, which is a major complication of appendicitis. What treatment will the nurse plan to include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: IV fluid replacement. IV fluids are essential in managing peritonitis to maintain hydration and electrolyte balance. It helps to support the patient's circulation and prevent shock. Peritoneal lavage (choice A) is not typically used in the treatment of peritonitis. Peritoneal dialysis (choice B) is used for kidney failure, not peritonitis. Increased oral fluid intake (choice D) may not be sufficient in cases of peritonitis where IV fluids are needed for rapid rehydration and support.
Question 4 of 5
An 82-year-old man is admitted with an acute attack of diverticulitis. What should the nurse include in his care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Monitor for signs of peritonitis. Peritonitis is a serious complication of diverticulitis that can result from a rupture of inflamed diverticula leading to abdominal infection. Monitoring for signs such as severe abdominal pain, rigidity, and fever is crucial for early detection and prompt intervention. Option B is incorrect as daily medicated enemas are not the standard treatment for diverticulitis. Option C is also incorrect as surgery is usually reserved for complicated cases or recurrent attacks. Option D is incorrect because applying a heating pad may exacerbate inflammation and is not recommended in diverticulitis management.
Question 5 of 5
The family members of a patient with hepatitis A ask if there is anything that will prevent them from developing the disease. What is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Those who have had household or close contact with the patient should receive immune globulin. This is because immune globulin can provide passive immunity to those exposed to hepatitis A, reducing the risk of developing the disease. Hepatitis A vaccine is not effective post-exposure, so it would not prevent disease in this scenario (option B). Option A is incorrect as there is a vaccine available for hepatitis A. Option D is incorrect because hepatitis A is primarily transmitted through fecal-oral route, not sexual contact.