Identify a hormone that increases metabolic rate.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: thyroid hormone. The thyroid hormone plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism by increasing the body's metabolic rate. It accomplishes this by stimulating the production of proteins that control the rate at which cells use energy. Calcitonin (B) is involved in regulating calcium levels in the blood, not metabolic rate. Aldosterone (C) is a hormone that regulates electrolyte balance and blood pressure. Parathyroid hormone (D) regulates calcium and phosphorus levels in the blood, not metabolic rate. Thus, the correct choice is thyroid hormone as it directly affects metabolic rate.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Leptin is the correct answer because it is a hormone produced by adipose tissue that signals satiety to the brain, helping regulate energy balance and food intake. Melatonin is a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles, not hunger. Thymosins are involved in immune function. Glucagon is a hormone that increases blood sugar levels, not related to satiety.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice C (Insulin) is correct: 1. A banana split is high in carbohydrates and sugar. 2. Consuming carbohydrates and sugar triggers an increase in blood glucose levels. 3. Insulin is released by the pancreas in response to high blood glucose levels to facilitate the uptake of glucose into cells for energy. 4. Therefore, after consuming a banana split, insulin levels in the body are expected to increase to regulate blood glucose levels. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: - A: Prolactin is a hormone involved in lactation and is not directly related to consuming a banana split. - B: Glucagon is released in response to low blood glucose levels to increase blood sugar, opposite of what is expected after consuming a banana split. - D: Thyroid hormone regulates metabolism and is not directly influenced by consuming a banana split.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because blood vessels in the gut are not innervated by the enteric nervous system. The enteric nervous system primarily regulates gut motility, secretion, and blood flow, but it does not innervate blood vessels. The myenteric plexus lies between the longitudinal and circular muscle layers, making choice B correct. Parasympathetic supply to the gut comes from the vagus nerve and sacral nerves, supporting choice C. Sympathetic supply is often inhibitory on cholinergic postganglionic fibers, making choice D accurate. Therefore, A is incorrect as the enteric nervous system does not innervate blood vessels in the gut.