ATI RN
Endocrine System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Identify a hormone that increases metabolic rate.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Thyroid hormones (T3/T4) increase metabolic rate boosting cellular energy use, heat production. Calcitonin (thyroid) lowers calcium, not metabolism. Aldosterone (adrenal) manages sodium, not rate. PTH (parathyroid) raises calcium, minimal metabolic effect. Thyroid's metabolic surge distinguishes it, critical for energy regulation, unlike calcium or electrolyte hormones.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following is NOT true of Cushing syndrome?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cushing syndrome, from cortisol excess (adrenal cortex hypersecretion), causes trunk obesity, moon face, and buffalo hump not hyposecretion, which is Addison's. Basic blood pH (alkalosis) can occur from mineralocorticoid effects, true in severe cases. Hyposecretion contradicts excess defines it. Hypersecretion basis distinguishes Cushing's, key to its phenotype, unlike pH or hypo-error.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following is NOT a possible effect of anabolic steroid use?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Anabolic steroids (testosterone-like) can cause breast enlargement (gynecomastia), balding (androgenetic), acne (sebaceous stimulation), and stunted growth (epiphyseal closure) all possible. No effect listed is impossible all occur variably. Comprehensive impact distinguishes steroid side effects, key to misuse risks, unlike excluding any listed outcome.
Question 4 of 5
The family of steroid hormones are chemically derived from cholesterol and include:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Steroid hormones, derived from cholesterol, include corticosteroids (e.g., cortisol), sex hormones (e.g., testosterone), and vitamin D lipid-based, nuclear-acting. GnRH, GHRH, TRH are peptides (hypothalamus), not steroids. GH and ACTH are pituitary peptides, not cholesterol-derived. T4/T3 are amines from tyrosine, not steroids. Corticosteroids, sex hormones, and vitamin D's cholesterol origin distinguishes them, key to their synthesis and action, unlike peptide or amine families.
Question 5 of 5
This is not a function of insulin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Insulin lowers blood glucose by promoting glycogenesis (glucose to glycogen) and lipogenesis (fat synthesis) while inhibiting glycogenolysis (glycogen breakdown). Gluconeogenesis (glucose from non-carbs) is not an insulin function it's suppressed by insulin and stimulated by glucagon. This distinction is key: insulin drives storage, not glucose production, critical for post-meal glucose clearance. Misidentifying gluconeogenesis as an insulin role confuses its anabolic nature with catabolic processes, vital for NEET-level understanding of metabolic regulation.