ATI RN
Chapter 67 Care of Patients with Kidney Disorders Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Hypothyroidism can cause which of the following symptoms?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Brittle hair or fingernails. Hypothyroidism, a condition where the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone, can lead to dry and brittle hair and nails due to reduced metabolic activity affecting hair and nail growth. This symptom is commonly associated with hypothyroidism. A: Increased hair growth is not a symptom of hypothyroidism but rather hyperthyroidism, where there is an excess of thyroid hormone leading to increased metabolic rate and hair growth. B: Weight loss is more commonly associated with hyperthyroidism due to increased metabolism. C: Nausea or diarrhea are not typical symptoms of hypothyroidism but can occur in other conditions like gastrointestinal issues.
Question 2 of 5
The term _______________ means an examination by a pathologist to determine cause of death
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Autopsy. An autopsy is a thorough examination of a body by a pathologist to determine the cause of death. Atrophy (A) refers to a decrease in cell size or tissue, not related to a postmortem examination. Anatomy (B) is the study of the structure of living organisms, not specific to determining cause of death. Avulsion (D) is the tearing away of a body part, also not related to a postmortem examination. Autopsy is the only term directly linked to the process of examining a body after death to determine the cause of death.
Question 3 of 5
Employers are required to provide _____________ vaccines free of charge to employees.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Hepatitis B is a workplace hazard due to potential exposure to blood and bodily fluids. 2. OSHA requires employers to offer Hepatitis B vaccines to at-risk employees free of charge. 3. This is to prevent occupational transmission of the virus. 4. Measles, Ebola, and Malaria are not typically transmitted in the workplace. Summary: Choice C (Hepatitis B) is correct as it aligns with OSHA regulations and workplace safety. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they are not mandatory vaccines in the workplace setting.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is preparing to assist the patient in using the incentive spirometer. Which nursing intervention should the nurse provide first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Perform hand hygiene. This should be the first intervention because it ensures patient safety by preventing the spread of infection. Before any patient interaction, proper hand hygiene is essential. Choice B, explaining the use of the mouthpiece, can come after hand hygiene to ensure aseptic technique. Choice C, instructing the patient to inhale slowly, is important but should come after the initial hand hygiene step. Choice D, placing the patient in the reverse Trendelenburg position, is not necessary for using an incentive spirometer and is not the priority at this time.
Question 5 of 5
Opioid antagonists reverse the symptoms of an opioid overdose. Which of the following medications would be effective in reversing the adverse effects of a benzodiazepine overdose?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Flumazenil. Flumazenil is a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist that can effectively reverse the effects of a benzodiazepine overdose by competitively inhibiting the binding of benzodiazepines to their receptors in the brain. This action leads to the reversal of sedation, respiratory depression, and other central nervous system effects caused by benzodiazepines. Rationale: A: Naltrexone is an opioid receptor antagonist and would not be effective in reversing the effects of a benzodiazepine overdose. B: Alprazolam is a benzodiazepine and would not reverse the effects of a benzodiazepine overdose. D: Naloxone is an opioid receptor antagonist and would not reverse the effects of a benzodiazepine overdose.