Hyperkalemia without K+ excess occurs in:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In tumor lysis syndrome and leukocytosis, massive cell lysis leads to potassium release, causing hyperkalemia despite normal intake.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Sleep-onset association disorder involves reliance on specific conditions to fall asleep.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Oral antihistamines are the first-line treatment for acute urticaria to relieve itching and reduce hives.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The major objective of therapy in cystic fibrosis (CF) is to promote the removal of secretions from the lungs. Chest physiotherapy, which involves postural drainage, vibration, and percussion, has been the mainstay of treatment for CF patients. This technique helps loosen and clear mucus from the airways, reducing the risk of lung infections and improving respiratory function. Aerobic exercise is also effective in clearing the airways and is an essential part of the treatment plan for CF patients. While prophylactic antibiotics may be used for early signs of infection, they are not the most effective treatment for CF. Nebulized bronchodilators do not provide long-term benefits for CF patients. Heart-lung transplant may be considered for some CF patients, but it is not a suitable option for most individuals due to various limitations and availability issues. Therefore, the most effective treatment for cystic fibrosis is

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Rheumatoid arthritis can cause interstitial lung disease, cardiovascular complications, and neuropathy, making 'All of the above' the correct answer.