ATI RN
Nervous System Multiple Choice Questions and Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
Huntington's chorea has been linked with a deficiency in the amino acid:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Huntington’s disease involves reduced GABA (inhibitory neurotransmitter) function due to striatal neuron loss, not a dietary deficiency. Others are unrelated.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following is referred to as either physical barriers or physiologic processes (transport system) that separate the circulating blood from the brain extracellular fluid in the central nervous system (CNS)?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The blood-brain barrier (BBB) restricts substance movement between blood and brain fluid, protecting the CNS. The Circle of Willis supplies blood, corticobulbar projections control cranial nerves, and the lateral corticospinal tract governs skilled hand movements.
Question 3 of 5
Nurse Jerick is performing a caloric testing of the vestibulo-ocular reflex of an unconscious client. Warm water is poured into the left auditory canal. The client exhibits conjugate eye movement toward the right followed by nystagmus toward the left. The nurse understands that the client is exhibiting a:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Warm water in the left ear causes eye movement to the right and nystagmus to the left in an intact brainstem (normal vestibulo-ocular reflex). Abnormal responses suggest lesions or coma.
Question 4 of 5
The autonomic nervous system is responsible for which function(s)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The ANS controls involuntary motor functions (e.g., heart rate, digestion). Sensory functions are handled by the somatic nervous system or visceral afferents, not primarily ANS.
Question 5 of 5
Of the following statements about the parasympathetic division of the ANS: (i) all its neurons release acetylcholine as their primary neurotransmitter substance; (ii) the cell bodies of its postganglionic neurons lie in or near the organ innervated; (iii) the cell bodies of its preganglionic neurons lie in the cervical and sacral spinal cord; one would say that:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: (i) True: Parasympathetic uses acetylcholine. (ii) True: Postganglionic neurons are near organs. (iii) False: Preganglionic neurons are in brainstem (cranial nerves) and sacral cord, not cervical.