Human mitochondria - Nurselytic

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Human mitochondria:

A. are inherited as an X-linked trait B. are all inherited from the father C. have linear DNA D. are all inherited from the mother

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Mitochondria are maternally inherited via the egg; sperm contribute negligible mitochondrial DNA.

Genes that normally prevent cell division are:

A. Tumor suppressors B. Transcription factors C. Proto-oncogenes D. Growth factors

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Tumor suppressor genes (e.g., RB, p53) inhibit cell division to prevent cancer.

The first step in FAP colon cancer usually involves mutation of the gene:

A. APC B. TGF C. PS3 D. PRL-3

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: APC mutation is the initial event in FAP, leading to adenoma formation.

The BRAC1 gene is involved in regulating:

A. Cell division B. Cell death C. DNA repair D. DNA replication

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: BRCA1 (likely meant here) is a tumor suppressor involved in DNA repair, particularly double-strand breaks.

Sporadic cancers result from:

A. Somatic mutation B. Germline mutation C. Inherited mutation D. All of these

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Sporadic cancers arise from somatic mutations in an individual’s lifetime, not inherited.

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