ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Made Easy 4.0 Questions
Question 1 of 5
How would you evaluate the medical effectiveness of Metformin?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: To evaluate the medical effectiveness of Metformin, it is essential to monitor serum glucose levels, as Metformin is commonly used to treat type 2 diabetes by decreasing glucose production in the liver and increasing insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues. Monitoring serum electrolytes, ketones, blood pH, lactate, and pyruvate levels is also important because Metformin can potentially cause lactic acidosis, especially in patients with kidney or liver impairment. By assessing these parameters, healthcare providers can gauge the efficacy and safety of Metformin therapy. Checking for resolution of hypothyroidism and hormone normalization is not directly related to evaluating Metformin's effectiveness. Pain reduction and patient alertness are also not the primary indicators for assessing the medical effectiveness of Metformin in managing diabetes.
Question 2 of 5
Fundamental action of vaccines :
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The fundamental action of vaccines is prophylaxis, which means the prevention of disease. Vaccines are designed to stimulate the body's immune system to recognize and fight specific pathogens before they cause infection or illness. By introducing a weakened or inactivated form of the pathogen to the body, vaccines trigger an immune response and teach the immune system how to recognize and destroy the pathogen in the future. Through prophylaxis, vaccines help protect individuals from getting sick with certain diseases.
Question 3 of 5
All are peripheral mediators of pain, except:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Peripheral mediators of pain can sensitize nociceptors and contribute to the perception of pain. Histamine, bradykinin, and prostaglandins are all examples of peripheral mediators that can induce pain. Amino acids, on the other hand, are not typically considered peripheral mediators of pain. While amino acids are important for many physiological processes in the body, they are not generally associated with the direct modulation of pain signaling pathways in the periphery.
Question 4 of 5
A patient is taking aspirin for secondary prevention of myocardial infarction and is experiencing moderate gastrointestinal upset. The nurse will contact the patient™s provider to discuss changing from aspirin to which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Coated aspirin refers to enteric-coated aspirin, which is a type of aspirin that has a special coating designed to help protect the stomach lining and reduce gastrointestinal upset. Unlike regular aspirin, enteric-coated aspirin is less likely to cause irritation to the stomach and therefore may be a better option for patients experiencing gastrointestinal issues. Switching to coated aspirin can help alleviate the patient's symptoms while still providing the antiplatelet benefits needed for secondary prevention of myocardial infarction. It is important for the nurse to communicate with the provider to discuss this alternative option and ensure the patient's safety and well-being.
Question 5 of 5
Which instruction is important for the nurse to include when teaching a patient about imatinib therapy?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Grapefruit juice can inhibit the metabolism of imatinib, leading to increased drug levels and a higher risk of side effects. Patients should be advised to avoid grapefruit juice while on imatinib therapy. Headaches are not typically an emergency unless severe or accompanied by other symptoms. Imatinib is a long-term treatment, not one that stops working after 2 months. Taking the drug on an empty stomach is not required; it can be taken with food to reduce gastrointestinal side effects.