How often must a resident's bed linen be changed?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because changing bed linen whenever it is soiled or wet is essential for maintaining cleanliness, preventing infections, and ensuring the resident's comfort and skin integrity. This practice helps to reduce the risk of skin breakdown and promotes overall hygiene. A: Changing bed linen at least twice a day is excessive and unnecessary unless specifically required due to medical reasons. B: Changing bed linen no more than once a week is inadequate and can lead to hygiene issues and discomfort for the resident. C: Waiting for the physician to order bed linen change may result in delays and compromise the resident's hygiene and comfort.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: To convert ounces to milliliters, we know that 1 fluid ounce is approximately 29.5735 milliliters. Therefore, 8 ounces of water would be 8 x 29.5735 = 236.588 mL. However, we should round this to the nearest whole number, giving us 240 mL. This is why choice C is correct. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not correctly convert 8 ounces to milliliters. A (120 mL) is half the correct amount, B (80 mL) is less than half, and D (320 mL) is too high.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Chronic renal failure. In chronic renal failure, the kidneys gradually lose their ability to filter waste products from the blood. This leads to a buildup of waste products in the body, causing various complications. Urinary tract infection (B) is an infection of the urinary system, not a disorder related to the kidneys' filtering function. Urinary incontinence (C) is the inability to control bladder function and is not related to the kidneys' filtering ability. End-stage renal disease (D) is the final stage of chronic kidney disease where the kidneys have completely lost their function, leading to the need for dialysis or kidney transplant.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C (36 to 48 hours) because an ovum typically remains viable for up to 24 hours after ovulation, and sperm can survive in the female reproductive tract for up to 5 days. Therefore, the window for fertilization is around 36 to 48 hours after ovulation. Choice A (2 to 4 hours) is too short for the sperm to reach the ovum and fertilize it. Choice B (10 to 12 hours) is also too short considering the lifespan of both the ovum and sperm. Choice D (24 to 48 hours) is too broad and does not account for the optimal timing for fertilization.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Swelling in the ankles. In congestive heart failure, the heart cannot pump effectively, leading to fluid buildup in the body, causing swelling in the ankles. Decreased urination (A) could indicate kidney issues, weight loss (B) is not typically a symptom, and decreased pulse (D) is not a common sign of congestive heart failure. Swelling in the ankles is a classic symptom due to fluid retention in the body.