How many links in the chain of infection must be broken to prevent infection?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: One. Breaking any single link in the chain of infection is sufficient to prevent infection. The chain consists of six links: infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, and susceptible host. By breaking any one link, such as practicing proper hand hygiene (mode of transmission), infection can be prevented. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they imply multiple links need to be broken, which is not necessary as breaking just one link disrupts the transmission of infection.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cool water. Using cool water helps decrease the temperature of the skin and prevents further damage. Ice or ice water (choice A) can actually cause frostbite and damage the skin further. Burn ointment (choice C) is not recommended for minor burns as it can trap heat and worsen the burn. Olive or canola oil (choice D) can also trap heat and increase the risk of infection. Therefore, cool water is the safest and most effective option for treating minor burns.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because residents may fear what the examiner will find during the physical exam, leading to anxiety and emotional distress. This fear could stem from concerns about potential health issues or the unknown outcomes of the exam. Providing emotional support can help alleviate these fears and increase the resident's comfort during the exam. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because not all residents are necessarily always frightened of exams, doctors can be sensitive to emotions, and having never had a physical exam before does not automatically equate to needing emotional support.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Place it around a resident's waist. This is because the transfer belt should be secured around the resident's waist to provide proper support and stability during transfers. Placing it under clothing (A) may cause discomfort or skin irritation. Placing it around a fractured limb (B) can be dangerous and exacerbate the injury. Placing it around the chest (C) can restrict breathing and movement. Therefore, securing it around the waist is the safest and most effective option to ensure the resident's safety and comfort during transfers.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because giving nail care when a nursing assistant notices a resident's nails are getting long is based on resident-centered care. This approach ensures proper hygiene and prevents injury or infection. Choice A is incorrect as it lacks consideration for resident needs. Choice B is not always appropriate as nail care should not be limited to just when bathing a resident. Choice D is incorrect as it focuses on cosmetic concerns rather than the resident's health and well-being.