How long should clamping of the cord be delayed in an uncomplicated delivery to increase the newborn's hemoglobin levels and improve circulation?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A (30-60 seconds) for delayed cord clamping in an uncomplicated delivery. Delaying cord clamping for 30-60 seconds allows more blood to flow from the placenta to the baby, increasing the baby's hemoglobin levels and improving circulation. This extra blood transfer can provide the baby with essential nutrients and oxygen, reducing the risk of anemia and improving overall health outcomes. Choice B (15-30 seconds) may not provide enough time for sufficient blood transfer compared to the optimal window of 30-60 seconds. Choice C (30 seconds) is within the recommended range, but 30-60 seconds is considered more beneficial for maximizing blood flow to the newborn. Choice D (Delayed cord clamping is not recommended) is incorrect as delayed cord clamping has been shown to have various benefits for newborns when done in uncomplicated deliveries.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Blood pressure and pulse rate. For a birthing person with a history of hypertension, it is crucial to assess their blood pressure and pulse rate before administering medication to ensure the medication does not exacerbate their hypertension. Monitoring these vital signs helps in determining the appropriateness and safety of the medication. Summary: - Choice B is incorrect because respiratory rate and oxygen saturation are not the priority assessments for a person with a history of hypertension. - Choice C is incorrect as temperature and urine output are not directly related to assessing the risk of exacerbating hypertension. - Choice D is incorrect as oxygen saturation and urine output are not the primary indicators of medication safety for someone with hypertension.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A (every 15 minutes) because immediate postpartum assessment is crucial for early detection of complications. Monitoring vital signs every 15 minutes allows for prompt identification of issues like hemorrhage or infection. Choice B (every 30 minutes) may lead to a delayed response to critical changes. Choice C (once, then hourly) may miss rapid changes in the first hour. Choice D (once, then every 4 hours) is too infrequent for the critical postpartum period. Regular monitoring is essential for ensuring maternal safety.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: to assess fetal heart rate accelerations. An NST is used to monitor the baby's heart rate and movement to ensure adequate oxygen supply. Fetal heart rate accelerations indicate a healthy, responsive baby. Assessing heart rate variability (A) is important but not the primary purpose. Evaluating fetal well-being (B) is broad and doesn't capture the specific focus on heart rate accelerations. Assessing maternal well-being (D) is not the purpose of an NST.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: apply gentle pressure to the fetal head. This action helps prevent rapid delivery, reducing the risk of perineal tearing and promoting controlled delivery of the baby. Applying pressure also helps prevent the baby from being born too quickly, reducing the risk of umbilical cord compression and potential birth injuries. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because at the moment the head crowns, the priority is to assist with the controlled delivery of the baby's head. Delivering the placenta (B) and assisting with shoulder delivery (C) are steps that come after the baby's head is delivered. Applying pressure to the perineum (D) is not recommended as it may increase the risk of perineal tearing.