How long is the expected length of the third stage of labor?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 1 hour for a multiparous person, 2 hours for a nulliparous person. This is based on the typical duration of the third stage of labor, which involves the delivery of the placenta. In general, the third stage is expected to last around 5-30 minutes. However, for safety reasons and to allow for variations in individual cases, it is recommended to extend the time frame to 1 hour for multiparous individuals (those who have given birth before) and 2 hours for nulliparous individuals (those giving birth for the first time). This extended time frame ensures that healthcare providers have enough time to monitor and intervene if necessary without rushing the delivery of the placenta. Other choices are incorrect because they provide either too short (A and B) or too long (D) timeframes for the third stage of labor, which could lead to inadequate monitoring or unnecessary interventions.

Correct Answer: E

Rationale: Based on the scenario, the decrease in blood pressure post-placenta delivery indicates potential hemorrhage, a common complication. The nurse should assess for signs of bleeding, such as excessive vaginal bleeding or tachycardia. Prompt intervention is crucial to prevent further complications. Other choices are less relevant - pain alone does not directly cause a decrease in blood pressure, skin-to-skin contact is important but not the priority in this situation, and a distended bladder can be addressed later. Assessing for possible hemorrhage is the most critical action to take in this scenario.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Prepare them for possible strains on relationships. This guidance is important as the arrival of a newborn can bring significant changes to the dynamics of a relationship. By preparing new parents for possible strains on relationships, the nurse can help them navigate challenges together. A: Incorrect. Roles are likely to change at home with the addition of a newborn, so it is important to address this rather than dismissing it. B: Incorrect. Stressors may actually increase with the arrival of a newborn, so it is not accurate to say stresses will be over. C: Incorrect. Ignoring household changes can lead to added stress, so it is not advisable to tell parents not to stress over them. In summary, option D is correct as it addresses the potential strains on relationships that new parents may face, while the other options do not acknowledge the reality of sociologic changes that can occur.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because patients who experienced a support ban during the pandemic were more likely to suffer from depression due to lack of emotional and physical support. This is supported by research showing the positive impact of labor support on maternal mental health and birth outcomes. Choice A is incorrect as labor support can also be provided by healthcare professionals. Choice B is incorrect as laboring patients benefit from emotional and physical support during childbirth. Choice C is incorrect as pandemic requirements did impact birth outcomes, especially for patients who lacked support.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. During contractions, maternal circulating blood volume increases temporarily due to the compression of blood vessels. Therefore, assessing vital signs between contractions provides a more accurate baseline measurement. Choice A is incorrect because vital signs taken during contractions may be affected by the pain and stress of labor. Choice B is incorrect as fetal heart rate assessment is a separate priority. Choice C is incorrect as maternal blood flow to the heart actually increases during contractions to ensure adequate oxygen supply.