ATI RN
Chapter 17 Endocrine System Test Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
How do hormones from the thyroid and parathyroid regulate the calcium concentration of the blood?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Calcitonin is secreted by the thyroid gland and lowers blood calcium levels by promoting calcium deposition in bones. Step 2: Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is secreted by the parathyroid gland and raises blood calcium levels by stimulating bone resorption and increasing calcium reabsorption in the kidneys. Step 3: Since Calcitonin lowers blood calcium and PTH raises blood calcium, choice A is correct. Summary: Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they provide inaccurate information about the roles of calcitonin, PTH, thyroxine, and triiodothyronine in regulating blood calcium levels.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following hormones is released in response to a nerve impulse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone). ADH is released in response to a nerve impulse to regulate water balance in the body by increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys. Nerve impulses trigger the release of ADH from the posterior pituitary gland. Cortisol (B) is released in response to stress, testosterone (C) is a sex hormone, and insulin (D) is released in response to high blood sugar levels, not nerve impulses.
Question 3 of 5
The primary role of the parathyroid gland is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: To regulate serum calcium levels. The parathyroid gland secretes parathyroid hormone (PTH) to regulate calcium levels in the blood. PTH increases calcium levels by stimulating bone resorption, enhancing calcium absorption in the intestines, and promoting calcium reabsorption in the kidneys. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the primary function of the parathyroid gland is specifically related to calcium regulation, not general metabolic homeostasis, signaling to other glands, or receiving signals from the hypothalamus.
Question 4 of 5
Diabetes insipidus is caused due to deficiency of hormone:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: ADH (antidiuretic hormone). Diabetes insipidus is a condition characterized by excessive thirst and urination due to a deficiency of ADH, which regulates water balance in the body. Insulin (choice A) is related to diabetes mellitus, not diabetes insipidus. Growth hormone (choice C) and oxytocin (choice D) do not play a direct role in water balance regulation. Therefore, choice B is the most appropriate answer for this question.
Question 5 of 5
Which hormone is responsible for the development of male secondary sexual characteristics?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Androgens. Androgens, such as testosterone, are responsible for the development of male secondary sexual characteristics, such as facial hair, deep voice, and muscle growth. Follicle-stimulating hormone (B) is involved in sperm production, not male secondary sexual characteristics. Epinephrine (C) and norepinephrine (D) are stress hormones and not related to the development of male secondary sexual characteristics.