How can a client with a history of atherosclerosis decrease their risk?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increase their activity level. Regular physical activity helps improve cardiovascular health, reduce cholesterol levels, and lower blood pressure, thus decreasing the risk of atherosclerosis. It also helps in maintaining a healthy weight and improving overall well-being. Avoiding focusing on weight (choice A) is not advisable as excess weight is a risk factor for atherosclerosis. Following a regular diet (choice C) is important but alone may not be sufficient without physical activity. Continuing a high-stress lifestyle (choice D) can worsen atherosclerosis risk due to increased cortisol levels and other negative impacts on cardiovascular health.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Providing rest periods throughout the day. This is the most important nursing intervention for a client with anemia and cerebral tissue hypoxia because rest helps reduce oxygen demand and allows for tissue oxygenation. Rest periods aid in preventing further tissue hypoxia, promoting healing, and improving overall well-being. Summary of other choices: B: Instituting energy conservation techniques - While conserving energy is important, rest is crucial for oxygenation in this scenario. C: Assisting in ambulation to the bathroom - Ambulation may be necessary, but rest takes precedence for oxygenation. D: Checking the temperature of water prior to bathing - Ensuring water temperature safety is important, but rest is essential for addressing cerebral tissue hypoxia.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Stridor. Stridor is a high-pitched, noisy breathing sound that indicates airway obstruction, a potential complication of bronchoscopy. Immediate reporting is crucial for prompt intervention. A: Blood-streaked sputum may occur post-bronchoscopy but does not require immediate reporting unless excessive or persistent. B: Dry cough is a common post-procedure symptom and does not necessitate immediate reporting. C: Hematuria (blood in urine) is not a typical complication of bronchoscopy and would not be directly related to the procedure.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Give 3 hyperinflations. Hyperventilating a patient before suctioning helps increase oxygen levels and reduce the risk of hypoxemia during the procedure. Hyperinflations involve delivering 3 deep breaths to the patient, which helps improve oxygenation and prepare the patient for suctioning. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because simply giving inflations, adjusting oxygen flow rate, or providing 100% oxygen without hyperinflations may not adequately prepare the patient for suctioning and prevent hypoxemia.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Gag reflex. This is crucial to prevent aspiration during oral care for a comatose client. Checking the gag reflex helps ensure that the client can protect their airway and swallow safely. It is the top priority before providing any oral care to prevent potential choking or aspiration. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Presence of pain is important, but ensuring the client's safety and preventing aspiration takes precedence. B: Condition of the integumentary is not directly related to oral care and safety during the procedure. D: Joint mobility is also not directly related to oral care in a comatose client.