How are values learned?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Continuous reinforcement is the correct answer because values are primarily learned through repeated exposure and reinforcement of certain behaviors or beliefs. This process helps to internalize and solidify values over time. Reading books (A) may provide knowledge but does not necessarily lead to value formation. Formal degrees (B) offer education but do not guarantee value acquisition. Meeting diverse individuals (D) can broaden perspectives but may not directly teach values through reinforcement. Continuous reinforcement, on the other hand, ensures consistent learning and reinforcement of values.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Assessment. The first step in resolving an ethical dilemma is to thoroughly assess the situation. This involves gathering all relevant information, understanding the perspectives of the patient and family, and identifying key ethical principles at stake. Assessment allows the RN to have a clear understanding of the dilemma and its implications before proceeding with any planning, implementation, or evaluation. Planning (A), Implementation (D), and Evaluation (C) are all important steps in the problem-solving process, but without a comprehensive assessment, the RN may not have a solid foundation to address the ethical dilemma effectively.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Remind the staff members that they are in a public location and sharing this information is a breach of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). Rationale: 1. HIPAA protects patients' confidentiality and prohibits the disclosure of personal health information without consent. 2. By reminding the staff members of this breach, the RN upholds ethical standards and protects the client's privacy. 3. Joining the conversation (choice A) would further violate the client's confidentiality. 4. Correcting a statement (choice C) may draw more attention to the conversation, potentially worsening the breach. 5. Ignoring the conversation (choice D) would be neglectful of the RN's duty to protect patient information.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Felony. Violating the nurse practice act involves serious breaches of professional standards, such as negligence or misconduct, which are considered criminal offenses. Committing a felony indicates a severe violation of the law, carrying significant legal consequences. Choices A, C, and D do not accurately represent the gravity of the offense, as they pertain to different legal categories with varying levels of severity. A juvenile offense is a violation committed by a minor, a misdemeanor is a lesser criminal offense, and a tort is a civil wrongdoing resulting in harm.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Statutory laws. Nursing practice is primarily governed by statutory laws, which are laws created by legislative bodies. These laws outline the scope of practice, licensure requirements, and regulations for nursing professionals. Common laws (B) are based on court decisions and do not specifically govern nursing practice. Administrative laws (C) regulate administrative agencies and their functions, not nursing practice. Constitutional laws (D) pertain to the constitution and the rights of individuals, not the specific regulations for nursing practice.