Hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla that produces actions similar to those that result from sympathetic stimulation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Epinephrine, secreted by the adrenal medulla, enhances sympathetic responses (e.g., fight-or-flight). Norepinephrine is similar but listed separately, ACh and dopamine are neurotransmitters.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: White matter is bundles of myelinated and unmyelinated axons in the CNS. Wallerian degeneration is axon breakdown, SNS is a system, and spinal nerves are PNS.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Rabies is a viral disease transmitted via bites, reaching the CNS through axonal transport, causing neurological symptoms and death. Effectors are targets, myelin sheath is insulation, and axosomatic is a synapse.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the PNS, Schwann cells form a regeneration tube to guide axon regrowth after injury. Dendrites receive signals, soma is the cell body, and myelin sheath insulates.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Neurons consist of dendrites (receive signals), cell body (soma, with nucleus), and axon (transmits signals). Nucleus is part of the cell body, neurofibrils are internal, and nodes are axon features.