Hindbrain herniation or the Chiari type II malformation is seen in which percent of individuals with myelomeningocele

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Chiari type II malformation is strongly associated with myelomeningocele, occurring in approximately 80-90% of cases due to abnormal cerebellar development and cranial settling.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Tower building primarily involves visual-motor coordination.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Imipramine (Tofranil) is a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) that is commonly used to treat enuresis in children. Enuresis is a condition characterized by involuntary urination, especially observed during sleep in children who are old enough to have bladder control. Imipramine works by affecting the balance of certain neurotransmitters in the brain, which helps regulate the bladder and reduce involuntary urination. While imipramine has antidepressant properties, it is also effective in treating enuresis by reducing the frequency of bedwetting episodes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Infants with gastroschisis are more likely to have a history of prematurity compared to those with omphalocele, though neither condition is strongly associated with congenital heart disease or imperforate anus.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The approach that would be best to use to ensure a positive response from a toddler is to assume an eye-level position and talk quietly (Option A). This approach is effective because it demonstrates respect and consideration for the toddler's perspective. By being at the child's eye level, you are showing that you are engaging with them on their level, which can help them feel more comfortable and respected. Additionally, talking quietly can help create a calm and soothing environment, which is often more conducive to getting a positive response from a toddler. This approach shows empathy and understanding towards the toddler's needs and can help in building a positive relationship with them.