Hidden or ______ blood is found inside stool with a microscope or a special chemical test.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Occult. Hidden or occult blood refers to blood that is not visible to the naked eye but can be detected through a microscope or chemical test. This term is commonly used in medical settings to describe blood found in stool that is not visibly apparent. The other choices, B: Hemoccult, C: Toxic, and D: Pathogenic, are incorrect as they do not specifically refer to hidden blood in stool. "Hemoccult" is a specific brand name for a fecal occult blood test, "Toxic" does not relate to blood presence, and "Pathogenic" pertains to disease-causing organisms rather than blood detection.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Plasma. Plasma makes up about 55% of blood volume and consists of water, proteins, electrolytes, hormones, and waste products. It carries nutrients, gases, and waste products throughout the body. Erythrocytes (A) are red blood cells and make up about 45% of blood volume. Leukocytes (B) are white blood cells, which only constitute a small percentage of blood volume. Platelets (D) are cell fragments involved in blood clotting and make up a very small portion of blood volume. Plasma is the correct answer because it is the main component of blood by volume and serves various essential functions.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because as individuals age, muscles tend to weaken and lose tone due to a decrease in muscle mass and strength. This is a normal age-related change known as sarcopenia. This process is influenced by factors such as decreased physical activity and hormonal changes. Choice B is incorrect because bones may lose calcium density with age, leading to conditions like osteoporosis. Choice C is incorrect as muscle mass typically decreases with age. Choice D is incorrect as age-related muscle weakening would not directly cause weight gain.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Medication or surgery. Seizures are typically managed with medication to control or prevent them. Surgery may be considered in cases where medication is ineffective. Range of motion exercises (A) and physical therapy (D) are not standard treatments for seizures. Restraining the resident (B) is not an appropriate or effective method for managing seizures.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: The person is obese. Obesity is a significant risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes as excess body fat can lead to insulin resistance. This impairs the body's ability to regulate blood sugar levels effectively, increasing the likelihood of developing diabetes. Summary of why the other choices are incorrect: B: Malnourishment does not directly increase the likelihood of diabetes. It may lead to other health issues but is not a primary risk factor for diabetes. C: Incontinence is a condition related to bladder control and does not have a direct correlation with diabetes risk. D: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) is a lung disease and is not directly linked to an increased risk of diabetes.