ATI RN
NCLEX RN Pediatric Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Herpes zoster is caused by the varicella virus and has an affinity for:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Herpes zoster, commonly known as shingles, is caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, the same virus that causes chickenpox. This virus has an affinity for sensory nerve fibers, particularly those located in the posterior root ganglia and the posterior horn of the spinal cord. When the virus becomes reactivated, it travels along these nerves to the skin, leading to the characteristic painful rash and blisters that are seen in herpes zoster. The involvement of these specific nerve fibers explains the typical dermatomal distribution of the rash in shingles.
Question 2 of 5
Parent guidelines for relieving colic in an infant include:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Parent guidelines for relieving colic in an infant include changing the infant's position frequently. Colic is a common condition in infants characterized by prolonged periods of crying and fussiness. Changing the infant's position frequently, such as holding them upright or on their stomach, can help alleviate discomfort and aid in releasing trapped gas, which may contribute to colic symptoms. It is recommended to try different positions to see what works best for the individual baby to provide relief from colic.
Question 3 of 5
The parents of a newborn ask the nurse what caused the baby's facial nerve paralysis. What knowledge should the nurse's response be based on?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Facial nerve paralysis in a newborn is most commonly caused by birth injury. This can occur during the birthing process due to pressure on the baby's face or head, particularly if forceps or vacuum extraction are used during delivery. The trauma can affect the facial nerve resulting in temporary or permanent paralysis. It is important for the nurse to provide reassurance to the parents that birth injury is a common cause of facial nerve paralysis in newborns, and in many cases, the paralysis resolves on its own over time without further complications.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is planning care for a low birth weight newborn. Which is an appropriate nursing intervention to promote adequate oxygenation?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Maintaining a neutral thermal environment is an appropriate nursing intervention to promote adequate oxygenation in a low birth weight newborn. Newborns, especially those with low birth weight, have limited capacity to regulate their body temperature. Keeping the baby warm helps prevent cold stress, which can lead to increased metabolic demands and oxygen consumption. By maintaining a neutral thermal environment, the newborn's energy can be directed towards growth and development, rather than compensating for temperature fluctuations. This intervention helps optimize oxygenation and overall well-being of the low birth weight newborn. The other options (A, B, D) do not directly address the need for adequate oxygenation in a low birth weight newborn.
Question 5 of 5
A preterm newborn of 36 weeks of gestation is admitted to the NICU. Approximately 2 hours after birth, the newborn begins having difficulty breathing, with grunting, tachypnea, and nasal flaring. Which is important for the nurse to recognize?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The presentation of a preterm newborn with difficulty breathing, grunting, tachypnea, and nasal flaring is concerning and should not be considered a normal finding. This could indicate respiratory distress, which is common in preterm infants due to immature lung development. It is important for the nurse to recognize these symptoms as they may signify a potential underlying respiratory issue that requires further evaluation and intervention. Prompt assessment and management are crucial in ensuring the best outcomes for the newborn. Therefore, further evaluation by the healthcare team is warranted in this situation to determine the cause of the respiratory distress and provide appropriate treatment.