Her Hemovac has drained 60 ml postoperative day 1, 55 ml postoperative day 2, and 40 ml thus far today. She asks you when will the drain be removed. Which would be the most appropriate response?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The most appropriate response to the patient's query regarding the removal of the Hemovac drain is option B: "Usually the doctor waits until the drainage subsides or stops altogether." This answer is correct because the timing for removing a drain postoperatively is typically based on the amount of drainage. Monitoring the trend of decreasing drainage helps prevent complications like seroma formation. Option A is incorrect because removing the drain solely based on the day of discharge overlooks the patient's individual healing process. Option C is incorrect as it shows surprise at the drain not being removed, which may cause unnecessary concern to the patient. Option D is incorrect because suggesting the patient ask the doctor may not provide the necessary explanation or reassurance the patient needs. In an educational context, it's important to emphasize to healthcare professionals the rationale behind drain management postoperatively. Understanding the significance of drainage monitoring can help prevent complications and promote optimal patient outcomes. Educating patients on the rationale for drain removal empowers them to be active participants in their care and fosters better communication between patients and healthcare providers.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) When a white or yellow discharge from the vagina develops. This is the situation where the client should report to the physician. Explanation: - A white or yellow discharge can indicate an infection or another issue related to the pessary use, which requires medical attention to prevent further complications. Why other options are wrong: - Option A) Regarding a Pap test of the client: While regular Pap tests are important for women's health, this does not specifically relate to pessary management. - Option B) Regarding the maintenance of a pessary: Routine maintenance of the pessary is essential, but it does not indicate an urgent need for medical attention. - Option D) Regarding a culture and sensitivity test of the vagina: This is a routine test that may be done as part of monitoring, but it does not indicate an immediate need for reporting to the physician. Educational context: It is crucial for clients using pessaries to be aware of signs and symptoms that may indicate complications. Educating clients on when to seek medical attention helps in early detection and management of any issues related to pessary use, promoting their overall health and well-being. Regular follow-ups with healthcare providers are also important to monitor the effectiveness and safety of pessary use.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of a client who has undergone chemotherapy for breast cancer, experiencing body image disturbances, the correct answer is C) Hair loss. Hair loss, also known as alopecia, is a common side effect of chemotherapy that can significantly impact an individual's self-esteem and body image. Losing one's hair can be emotionally distressing, as it is a visible sign of illness and can lead to a loss of confidence and sense of identity. Option A) Fatigue, option B) Vomiting, and option D) Nausea are also common side effects of chemotherapy, but they are more related to physical symptoms rather than directly impacting body image disturbances. While these symptoms can contribute to a client's overall well-being and quality of life, they do not have the same direct impact on body image as hair loss does in the context of this question. Educationally, understanding the psychosocial impact of chemotherapy side effects on body image is crucial for healthcare providers, especially nurses, who work closely with cancer patients. By recognizing the emotional challenges that patients may face, nurses can provide appropriate support, empathy, and resources to help clients cope with the changes in their appearance and self-perception during their treatment journey.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) The immune system is already compromised. This is because chlamydia infection can weaken the immune system, making the individual more susceptible to acquiring other infections, including HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. Option A is incorrect because tissue irritation being permanent does not directly increase the risk of acquiring AIDS. Option C is incorrect as Chlamydia trachomatis does not cause AIDS; it is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Option D is incorrect as Chlamydia trachomatis does not continue to live inside cells after successful eradication with treatment. In an educational context, understanding the relationship between different infections and their impact on the immune system is crucial for healthcare providers to provide comprehensive care and prevention strategies for their clients. This question highlights the importance of considering the broader health implications of one infection on the susceptibility to others.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer, D) You should avoid making sudden changes in position, is crucial to include when teaching a client prescribed tamsulosin for BPH-related incomplete bladder emptying. Tamsulosin is an alpha-blocker that can cause orthostatic hypotension, a sudden drop in blood pressure when changing positions. This precaution is essential to prevent falls and related injuries in older adults like the 67-year-old client in the scenario. Option A is incorrect because tamsulosin does not shrink the prostate but rather relaxes the muscles in the prostate and bladder neck to improve urine flow. Option B is incorrect as tamsulosin may actually cause a decrease in the force of the urinary stream initially. Option C is also incorrect as tamsulosin is not primarily prescribed for lowering blood pressure. In an educational context, it is vital to emphasize medication-specific precautions to ensure the safety and well-being of clients. Teaching about potential side effects and necessary precautions empowers clients to manage their health effectively and avoid complications. Understanding the rationale behind each option helps reinforce the importance of accurate medication education for clients.