ATI RN
Anatomy of Hematologic System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Hepato-splenomegaly with lymphadenopathy occur in all except:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) primarily involves the bone marrow and blood, not the liver, spleen, or lymph nodes. 2. Hepato-splenomegaly with lymphadenopathy are commonly seen in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) and lymphoma. 3. Disseminated TB can cause hepato-splenomegaly but typically does not present with lymphadenopathy. Therefore, C (CML) is the correct answer as it does not typically present with the described findings.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient who has a diagnosis of acute leukemia. What assessment most directly addresses the most common cause of death among patients with leukemia?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Monitoring for infection. Acute leukemia patients are at high risk for infections due to compromised immune function. Infection is the most common cause of death among leukemia patients. Regular monitoring for signs of infection, such as fever and abnormal white blood cell counts, is crucial for early detection and treatment. Option B, monitoring nutritional status, is important but not the most direct cause of death in leukemia patients. Option C, monitoring electrolyte levels, is important but not as directly related to the cause of death in leukemia patients. Option D, monitoring liver function, is not the most common cause of death in leukemia patients and is not directly related to leukemia complications.
Question 3 of 5
A 35-year-old male is admitted to the hospital complaining of severe headaches, vomiting, and testicular pain. His blood work shows reduced numbers of platelets, leukocytes, and erythrocytes, with a high proportion of immature cells. The nurse caring for this patient suspects a diagnosis of what?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: ALL (Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia). In this scenario, the patient presents with symptoms of headaches, vomiting, testicular pain, and abnormal blood work showing reduced platelets, leukocytes, and erythrocytes with a high proportion of immature cells. These findings are characteristic of ALL, a type of leukemia that primarily affects lymphoid cells. The combination of symptoms and blood work results suggests a rapid and aggressive proliferation of immature lymphoid cells, leading to bone marrow failure and symptoms such as anemia, thrombocytopenia, and leukopenia. AML (choice A) primarily affects myeloid cells, not lymphoid cells. CML (choice B) typically presents with elevated leukocyte count and presence of the Philadelphia chromosome. MDS (choice C) is a group of disorders characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis leading to cytopenias, but does not typically present with the rapid onset of symptoms seen in this case
Question 4 of 5
A patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is receiving information from the oncology nurse. The patient asks the nurse why she should stop drinking and smoking and stay out of the sun. What would be the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because reducing factors that increase the risk of second cancers is crucial for a patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma due to the potential for developing secondary cancers. Alcohol, smoking, and sun exposure are known risk factors for various cancers, including secondary cancers. By avoiding these behaviors, the patient can decrease the likelihood of developing another cancer. Choice A is incorrect because while health promotion activities are beneficial, the specific reason for a patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma to stop drinking, smoking, and avoiding sun exposure is to reduce the risk of second cancers, not just for general health. Choice B is incorrect because it uses fear tactics and does not provide a clear rationale for why the patient should make these lifestyle changes. Choice C is incorrect because it lacks a specific explanation for the importance of avoiding alcohol, smoking, and sun exposure in relation to reducing the risk of second cancers.
Question 5 of 5
A 60-year-old patient with chronic myeloid leukemia will be treated in the home setting and the nurse is preparing appropriate health education. What topic should the nurse emphasize?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The importance of adhering to the prescribed drug regimen. This is crucial in managing chronic myeloid leukemia effectively. Medication adherence is essential to control the disease and prevent complications. Skipping doses can lead to treatment failure or drug resistance. B: While vaccinations are important, they are not the top priority in managing chronic myeloid leukemia. C: Daily physical activity is beneficial for overall health but is not the primary concern in this case. D: Avoiding shellfish and raw foods is not a key aspect of managing chronic myeloid leukemia.