ATI RN
ATI Capstone Pharmacology Assessment 1 Questions
Question 1 of 5
Heparin is classified under what class?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Heparin is classified as an antithrombotic agent. It is a medication that helps prevent blood clot formation by inhibiting the activity of certain clotting factors in the blood. Heparin is commonly used in the treatment and prevention of conditions such as deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and during certain medical procedures to prevent clot formation. It is not classified as a laxative, ACE inhibitor, or anti-convulsant based on its mechanism of action and therapeutic use.
Question 2 of 5
This is the basis for calculation of infant dose in Clark's Rule :
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In Clark's Rule, the basis for calculating the infant dose is weight. This is because weight is a crucial factor in determining the appropriate dosage for infants. Adjusting the dose based on weight helps in ensuring that the medication is administered safely and effectively. Infants have different proportions of body weight compared to older children and adults, which can influence how medications are metabolized in their bodies. Therefore, using weight as the basis for dosage calculation in Clark's Rule helps in providing a more accurate and individualized dose for infants.
Question 3 of 5
An injection of penicillin into a penicillin-sensitized person may lead to death due to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A Shwartzman's reaction is a severe inflammatory response that occurs when a person who has previously been sensitized to penicillin is re-exposed to the drug. This exaggerated response can lead to widespread activation of inflammatory mediators and is characterized by endotoxin-induced intravascular coagulation. This can result in a cascade of events leading to tissue damage, organ failure, and potentially death. It is different from a typical allergic reaction mediated by histamine release or constriction of bronchioli and drop in blood pressure. Additionally, the release of enzymes from polymorphonuclear leukocytes is not directly related to the fatal outcome of a penicillin injection in a sensitized individual.
Question 4 of 5
A patient is experiencing mucositis (stomatitis) after receiving chemotherapy. Which symptomatic treatments will be appropriate? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mucositis, or stomatitis, is a painful inflammation of the mucous membranes caused by chemotherapy. Frequent mouth rinses with saline or baking soda solutions help keep the mouth clean and promote healing. Topical anesthetics, such as lidocaine, can provide pain relief. Stress reduction techniques, such as relaxation or mindfulness, may help manage the discomfort associated with mucositis. Antiemetics are used to control nausea and vomiting, which are not directly related to mucositis. Antibiotics are only necessary if there is a secondary infection, which is not mentioned in this scenario.
Question 5 of 5
Which drug concentration is appropriate to administer in an order for epinephrine 0.3 mg IM to treat a severe allergic reaction in an adult patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The appropriate concentration for epinephrine 0.3 mg IM in an adult for a severe allergic reaction is 1:1000. This concentration is used for intramuscular administration, while 1:10,000 (A) is used for intravenous administration in cardiac arrest. Concentrations of 1:100 (C) and 1:10 (D) are not standard for this purpose.