ATI RN
ATI Capstone Pharmacology Assessment 2 Questions
Question 1 of 5
Heparin:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Heparin is an anticoagulant that enhances the activity of antithrombin III, a natural inhibitor of thrombin and factor Xa, to prevent clotting. The statement that it inhibits clotting by decreasing antithrombin III effects is false, as heparin actually potentiates antithrombin III, making this the incorrect option. Its oral bioavailability is negligible (not 20-30%), as it's a large polysaccharide requiring parenteral administration (e.g., IV or subcutaneous), so this is false. Heparin is highly plasma protein-bound, not low, contradicting that option. The correct statement, replaced in the fourth slot, is that heparin binds to antithrombin III, causing a conformational change that accelerates its anticoagulant effect. This mechanism is fundamental to its clinical use in thrombosis prevention, distinguishing it from oral anticoagulants like warfarin.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is conducting medication education for patients with hypertension. The focus of the education is on enhancing the absorption of their medications. The nurse determines that learning has occurred when the patients make which statement?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Food can affect drug absorption (e.g., calcium in dairy binding antihypertensives), so caution with meals enhances efficacy, showing learning. Expired drugs lose potency, risking failure. Storage matters-heat/light degrade drugs. Dairy avoidance is specific, not broad enough. General food caution reflects pharmacokinetic awareness, key for hypertension management.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is teaching a caregivers' support group for caretakers of older adult patients. The focus is medication compliance. The nurse determines that learning has occurred when the caregivers make which response?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A med management box organizes doses, reducing forgotten pills in older adults with memory issues, boosting compliance. Crushing meds risks altering pharmacokinetics (e.g., enteric-coated drugs). Doctor review is proactive but not direct compliance. More education assumes understanding drives adherence, often untrue. The box addresses forgetfulness, a practical fix.
Question 4 of 5
Which food items should the nurse advise a patient taking a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) to avoid?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 5 of 5
Thiopental is used as an anesthetic agent during surgery to repair a small-bowel obstruction in a 78-year-old man. Approximately 1 day after his surgery, toxicology studies still reveal some thiopental present in the bloodstream. What is the most likely explanation for this finding?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Thiopental, a barbiturate, persists 24 hours post-surgery. Physiologic metabolism is correct-its lipophilicity causes redistribution to fat, with slow hepatic metabolism, normal in the elderly. Hepatitis or insufficiency lacks evidence. Renal failure doesn't primarily clear it. Trauma (E) is unrelated. This reflects thiopental's pharmacokinetics, not pathology.