Henry's law states that

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Henry's law states that the volume of gas dissolved in a solvent is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas above the solvent. This means that as the gas pressure increases, more gas will dissolve in the solvent. Choice C correctly describes this relationship between gas pressure and gas solubility in a solvent. Choices A and B are not related to Henry's law. Choice D is incomplete and does not provide any relevant information about Henry's law.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, vagus and glossopharyngeal nerves. Chemoreceptors in the carotid bodies and aortic bodies detect changes in blood chemistry and send signals to the brainstem. The glossopharyngeal nerve carries signals from the carotid bodies, while the vagus nerve carries signals from the aortic bodies. These signals are crucial for regulating breathing and maintaining homeostasis. The other choices, trigeminal (A) and hypoglossal (B) nerves, are not involved in transmitting signals from chemoreceptors to the brain. Choice D, glossopharyngeal nerve alone, is not correct as both glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves are involved in this process.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Inability of the heart to pump blood effectively. Heart failure occurs when the heart is unable to pump blood efficiently to meet the body's needs. This can lead to symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and fluid retention. Explanation: 1. Heart failure is a chronic condition that develops over time due to various factors such as high blood pressure, heart attacks, or heart muscle damage. 2. The inability of the heart to pump blood effectively results in reduced blood flow to the body's organs and tissues. 3. This can lead to a buildup of fluid in the lungs and other parts of the body, causing symptoms like shortness of breath and swelling. 4. A sudden stoppage of the heart (Choice A) would result in cardiac arrest, not heart failure. 5. Accumulation of excess cholesterol in the arteries (Choice C) refers to atherosclerosis, not heart failure. 6. An irregular heartbeat (Choice D) may be a symptom

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: expiration. The internal intercostal muscles are used during expiration to decrease the size of the thoracic cavity, increasing the pressure in the lungs, causing air to be pushed out. During inspiration, the external intercostal muscles are used to expand the thoracic cavity. Choice A is incorrect as it refers to inspiration. Choice C is incorrect because internal intercostal muscles are not involved in both inspiration and expiration simultaneously. Choice D is incorrect as there is no specific muscle action associated with a "pause" in breathing.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: hilum. Hilum refers to a slit or roughly triangular shape on the mediastinal surface of an organ where blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics enter or exit. This anatomical feature is commonly seen in organs like the lung, kidney, and spleen. The other choices are incorrect because B: fasciae are layers of connective tissue, C: Fissures are deep grooves or clefts between structures, and D: indentation refers to a shallow recess or notch, which do not specifically describe the slit or triangular shape found at the hilum.