ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology The Respiratory System Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Hemostatic agents that arrest the flow of blood from small vessels by precipitating the tissue proteins in the immediate area:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Styptics and astringents are hemostatic agents that work by precipitating tissue proteins in the immediate area of a small vessel to stop bleeding. Styptics such as alum, silver nitrate, and ferric subsulfate directly induce coagulation at the site of bleeding, forming a protective scab to stop the flow of blood. Astringents like tannic acid work by tightening the tissue proteins around the blood vessel to create a seal and halt bleeding. These agents are commonly used in the management of minor cuts and wounds to promote hemostasis.
Question 2 of 5
A patient taking isoniazid is worried about the negative effects of the drug. The nurse provides information knowing that which is an adverse effect of the drug?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Isoniazid is associated with hepatotoxicity, which can range from asymptomatic elevation of liver enzymes to severe hepatitis. Patients should be monitored for symptoms such as fatigue, nausea, and jaundice. Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity are not common adverse effects of isoniazid. Optic neuritis is a rare side effect of ethambutol, another antitubercular drug, not isoniazid.
Question 3 of 5
Which nonselective alpha-adrenergic blocking agent is still used?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Of the nonselective alpha-adrenergic blocking agents, only phentolamine is still used today. Metoprolol is a beta1-selective adrenergic blocking agent. Timolol and propranolol are nonselective beta-adrenergic blocking agents. The nurse should understand the indications for phentolamine to ensure safe and effective administration.
Question 4 of 5
What should the nurse include when teaching a patient regarding the use of omeprazole?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor (PPI), is most effective when taken 30 minutes before meals. This allows the medication to inhibit proton pumps during meal-stimulated acid production. Taking it after (A) or with meals (C) reduces its effectiveness. While it can be taken without regard to meals (D), taking it before meals is optimal.
Question 5 of 5
A client receiving azathioprine (Imuran) complains of hair loss. The nurse tells the client that?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hair loss is a known but temporary side effect of azathioprine, an immunosuppressant used to treat autoimmune conditions. It occurs due to the drug's impact on rapidly dividing cells, including hair follicles. While distressing, this side effect is usually reversible once the medication is discontinued or the body adjusts to it. Hair loss is not typically a sign of toxicity, and reassuring the client about its temporary nature can help alleviate anxiety.