ATI RN
Patient-Centered Care UNMC Addiction Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Hemorrhage of 20% of the patient's blood volume is associated usually with:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Tachycardia. When a patient experiences a hemorrhage of 20% of their blood volume, the body responds by increasing the heart rate to compensate for the decreased blood volume and maintain adequate circulation. This compensatory mechanism results in tachycardia. Oliguria (A) is a decrease in urine output and is not typically associated with a hemorrhage. Confusion (B) may occur if the brain is not receiving enough oxygen due to severe bleeding but is not specific to a 20% blood volume loss. Hypotension (C) is usually associated with a more significant blood loss, typically exceeding 20%.
Question 2 of 5
A 22 year old male presents following a motorcycle crash. He complains of the inability to move his legs. His BP is 80/50, HR 70, RR 18 and GCS 15. Oxygen saturation is 99% on 21 nasal prongs. Chest x-ray, pelvic x-ray and FAST are normal. Extremities are normal. His management should be:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 2L of iv crystalloid and vasopressors if BP does not respond. This patient presents with symptoms of spinal cord injury with hypotension, which indicates neurogenic shock. Initial management involves fluid resuscitation to maintain perfusion. If the BP does not respond to fluids, vasopressors are indicated to support blood pressure. The other choices are incorrect because the patient does not have signs of hemorrhagic shock, so transfusing pRBCs (choice A) is unnecessary. Mannitol and steroids (choice C) are not indicated in the acute management of spinal cord injury. Laparotomy (choice D) is not indicated based on the clinical presentation.
Question 3 of 5
A 15 year old male presents following a motorcycle crash. Initial examination reveals normal vital signs. There is a large bruise over his epigastrium that extends to the left flank. He has no other apparent injuries. A CT-scan of the abdomen demonstrates a ruptured spleen surrounded by a large hematoma and fluid in the pelvis. The next step in the patient's management is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: "Surgical consult." A ruptured spleen is a surgical emergency that may require splenectomy. A surgical consult is needed to evaluate the patient's condition, determine the need for surgery, and plan the appropriate management. Splenic artery embolization (choice A) may be considered in stable patients, but this patient has a large hematoma and fluid in the pelvis, suggesting active bleeding and hemodynamic instability, which would require surgery. Pneumococcal vaccine (choice B) is important for patients without a spleen post-splenectomy, but it is not the immediate next step in management. Urgent laparotomy (choice C) is too specific without considering the need for surgical evaluation first.
Question 4 of 5
The best type of jewelry for an NA to wear to work is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: A watch. A watch is the best type of jewelry for an NA to wear to work because it is both functional and professional. It helps the NA keep track of time during their shift and is a practical accessory in a healthcare setting. A broach, bracelet, and necklace may pose safety hazards or interfere with patient care tasks. A watch is subtle, non-intrusive, and serves a practical purpose without compromising professionalism.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following is considered a sign of neglect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Weight loss. Weight loss can be a sign of neglect as it may indicate lack of proper nutrition or medical care. Neglect can lead to unintentional weight loss due to inadequate food intake or untreated medical conditions. Burns shaped in certain ways, changing doctors frequently, and wearing makeup to hide injuries are not necessarily direct signs of neglect. Burns can be accidental, changing doctors may be due to personal preferences or insurance reasons, and wearing makeup to hide injuries could be a sign of abuse rather than neglect. Weight loss, on the other hand, is a more clear indicator of neglect as it directly relates to the individual's overall well-being and care.