ATI RN
Exam Questions on Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Hemoglobin affinity for Oxygen is to the P50 (O2 tension that produces 50% saturation of Hb)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Hemoglobin affinity for oxygen is inversely related to P50. When P50 is lower, hemoglobin has higher affinity for oxygen, meaning it binds oxygen more readily at lower oxygen tensions. Conversely, when P50 is higher, hemoglobin has lower affinity for oxygen. This relationship is crucial for the efficient loading and unloading of oxygen in tissues. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because hemoglobin affinity for oxygen is not directly related, unrelated, or simply related to P50.
Question 2 of 5
A patient asks the nurse why an infection in his upper respiratory system is affecting the clarity of his speech. Which structure serves as the patient's resonating chamber in speech?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: The paranasal sinuses act as resonating chambers in speech production due to their location near the nasal cavity and their ability to amplify sound vibrations. When infected, the sinuses can become inflamed, affecting speech clarity. The trachea (A) is a passageway for air, not involved in speech. The pharynx (B) is a common pathway for both air and food, not a resonating chamber. The larynx (D) contains the vocal cords for sound production but is not primarily responsible for speech resonance.
Question 3 of 5
A sputum study has been ordered for a patient who has developed coarse chest crackles and a fever. At what time should the nurse best collect the sample?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: First thing in the morning. Sputum should be collected in the morning because it is usually more concentrated, making it easier to obtain a good sample. This is important for accurate analysis and identifying potential pathogens causing the patient's symptoms. Collecting sputum immediately after a meal may result in contamination with food particles. At bedtime, sputum may have accumulated overnight, but morning samples are still preferred due to concentration. Collecting sputum after a period of exercise may introduce respiratory secretions not reflective of the underlying condition.
Question 4 of 5
The pulmonary ventilation rate for someone with tidal volume of 500 mL and a respiration rate of 14 bpm is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: To calculate pulmonary ventilation rate, multiply tidal volume by respiration rate. In this case, 500 mL * 14 bpm = 7,000 mL/min. Converting to liters, it's 7 L/min. Choice A is incorrect as it miscalculates the conversion from mL to L, B is incorrect due to incorrect calculation, and D is incorrect as it's not the accurate result of the multiplication.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following decreases respiratory efficiency?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Blood flow supplies oxygen and removes carbon dioxide in the lungs, essential for efficient gas exchange. Step 2: Decreased blood flow means less oxygen delivery and carbon dioxide removal, leading to decreased respiratory efficiency. Step 3: Choice A is correct as it directly impacts the gas exchange process. Summary: - Choice B (increased surface area) would enhance gas exchange efficiency. - Choice C (increased partial pressure gradients) would improve gas exchange efficiency. - Choice D (increased gas solubility) would not directly affect respiratory efficiency.