ATI RN
Assessing Vital Signs ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
Heberden's nodes are found in which condition?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Heberden's nodes are bony swellings that develop at the distal interphalangeal joints of the fingers, characteristic of osteoarthritis. The nodes result from osteophyte formation and joint degeneration seen in OA, especially in older individuals. In rheumatoid arthritis (choice A), joint inflammation is more symmetrical and involves the proximal interphalangeal joints. Psoriatic arthritis (choice B) typically presents with dactylitis and nail changes. Gout (choice D) manifests as acute arthritis due to urate crystal deposition, not bony nodules.
Question 2 of 5
During a staff meeting, nurses discuss problems with accessing research studies to incorporate EBP into their practice. Which suggestion by the nurse manager would best help these problems?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because teaching nurses how to conduct electronic searches for research studies empowers them to independently access relevant information efficiently. This approach promotes self-directed learning and increases the likelihood of incorporating evidence-based practice (EBP) into their daily routines. Forming a committee (A) may not address immediate needs, posting studies on bulletin boards (B) may not be practical or up-to-date, and visiting the library (C) may not be convenient or time-effective for all nurses.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following is the most effective type of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) stimulator?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: High frequency, low intensity. High-frequency TENS (typically 80-100 Hz) is effective for acute pain by stimulating the release of endorphins and enkephalins, blocking pain signals. Low-intensity avoids muscle contraction, providing pain relief without discomfort. High intensity may cause muscle contractions and discomfort. Low frequency (2-10 Hz) TENS is more suitable for chronic pain, not as effective for acute pain.
Question 4 of 5
On visual confrontation testing, a stroke patient is unable to see your fingers on his entire right side with either eye covered. Which of the following terms would describe this finding?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Right homonymous hemianopsia. This term describes the loss of vision on the same side in both eyes. In this case, the patient is unable to see on the entire right side with either eye covered, indicating a lesion in the left optic tract or radiation. A: Bitemporal hemianopsia is a loss of vision from the outer half of both visual fields, typically due to a pituitary tumor compressing the optic chiasm. B: Right temporal hemianopsia refers to a loss of vision on the right side of both visual fields, which is not consistent with the patient's presentation. D: Binasal hemianopsia is characterized by a loss of vision on the inner half of both visual fields, usually seen in pituitary tumors involving the optic chiasm.
Question 5 of 5
Josh is a 14-year-old boy who presents with a sore throat. On examination, you notice dullness in the last intercostal space in the anterior axillary line on his left side with a deep breath. What does this indicate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Dullness in the last intercostal space in the anterior axillary line on the left side suggests possible splenomegaly. Step 2: The dullness indicates an abnormality in that area and warrants further examination to confirm the presence of an enlarged spleen. Step 3: Option B is correct as it acknowledges the possibility of splenomegaly and emphasizes the need for close attention to further examination. Step 4: Options A and C are incorrect as they assert the presence of an enlarged spleen without confirming it, leading to unnecessary workup. Step 5: Option D is incorrect as it definitively states the spleen is normal, which contradicts the physical examination findings.