ATI RN
Biological Basis of Behavior Questions
Question 1 of 5
Heberden's nodes are a common sign of osteoarthritis. Which of the following statement is correct about this deformity?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: It appears on the distal interphalangeal joint. Heberden's nodes are bony enlargements that occur at the distal interphalangeal joints, which are the joints closest to the fingertips. The nodes are a common sign of osteoarthritis in the fingers. They do not appear only in men (choice A), they do not appear on the proximal interphalangeal joint (choice C), and they do not appear on the dorsolateral aspect of the interphalangeal joint (choice D). The key to identifying Heberden's nodes is their location at the distal interphalangeal joint.
Question 2 of 5
After receiving a dose of penicillin, a client develops dyspnea and hypotension. Nurse Celestina suspects the client is experiencing anaphylactic shock. What should the nurse do first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Administer epinephrine, as prescribed, and prepare to intubate the client if necessary. In anaphylactic shock, immediate administration of epinephrine is crucial to reverse the severe allergic reaction. Intubation may be necessary to maintain airway patency in case of severe respiratory distress. Choice A is incorrect because paging an anesthesiologist and preparing for intubation should not be the first action; administering epinephrine takes precedence. Choice C is incorrect as administering an antidote for penicillin would not address the immediate life-threatening symptoms of anaphylactic shock. Choice D is incorrect as inserting a urinary catheter and infusing IV fluids are not the priority actions in managing anaphylactic shock.
Question 3 of 5
Nurse Sarah is caring for clients on the surgical floor and has just received report from the previous shift. Which of the following clients should the nurse see first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because chills in a post-op patient could indicate the presence of infection, which is a serious concern post-surgery. The nurse should see this client first to assess for signs of sepsis. Choice A is incorrect as the small area of dark drainage in a gunshot wound client doesn't indicate immediate danger. Choice B is incorrect as the amount of fluid in the drain post-mastectomy is within normal limits. Choice C is incorrect as the absence of drainage in a collapsed lung client isn't an immediate priority compared to potential signs of infection in choice D.
Question 4 of 5
Randy has undergone kidney transplant, what assessment would prompt Nurse Katrina to suspect organ rejection?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nurse Katrina would suspect organ rejection in Randy if she observes hypertension. Hypertension can indicate decreased kidney function due to rejection, leading to fluid retention and increased blood pressure. Sudden weight loss (A) is more likely due to other factors like poor appetite or stress. Polyuria (B) is excessive urination and not directly related to kidney rejection. Shock (D) is a severe and life-threatening condition that may occur in cases of severe rejection, but hypertension is a more common and early indicator.
Question 5 of 5
Terence suffered form burn injury. Using the rule of nines, which has the largest percent of burns?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The rule of nines is used to estimate the percentage of body surface area affected by burns. The upper trunk comprises 18% of the total body surface area, making it the largest single area. This is why choice D is the correct answer. The other choices are incorrect because the face and neck (choice A) represent 4.5%, the right upper arm and penis (choice B) represent 4.5%, and the right thigh and penis (choice C) represent 9%, which are all smaller percentages compared to the upper trunk.